Nephrology Book

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Nephrotic SyndromeAka: Nephrosis

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  1. Epidemiology
    1. Uncommon
  2. Etiology
    1. Primary glomerulonephropathy progresses to Nephrosis
      1. Occurs in 20% of cases
    2. Children
      1. Minimal Change Disease (NIL Lesion)
    3. Adults
      1. Membranous Nephropathy (50%)
      2. Minimal Change Disease (25%)
      3. Focal Glomerulosclerosis (15%)
      4. Other
        1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
        2. Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
        3. IgA Nephropathy
        4. Diabetic glomerulosclerosis
        5. Amyloidosis
        6. Goodpasture's Syndrome
        7. Hodgkin's Lymphoma
        8. Preeclampsia or Eclampsia
        9. Drugs
          1. Penicillamine
          2. Gold
        10. Infection (includes PSGN)
  3. Signs and Symptoms
    1. Edema
    2. Hypoalbuminemia
    3. Hyperalbuminuria (Proteinuria >3.5 grams per day)
    4. Hypertension
    5. Hyperlipidemia
    6. Renal Insufficiency
  4. Management
    1. Consult with nephrology
    2. Indentify underlying cause
    3. Prevention of progression
      1. ACE Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
      2. Consider Spironolactone
      3. Stop offending medications
      4. Maintain Blood Pressure less than 130/80
      5. Control Hyperlipidemia

Nephrosis (C0027720)

Definition (MSH)Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA.
Definition (CSP)diseases of the kidney characterized by purely degenerative lesions of the renal tubules without an inflammatory component.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9581.9
MSHD009401
EnglishNephroses, Nephrosis
Spanishnefrosis
Parent ConceptsKidney Diseases (C0022658), Hypoproteinemia (C0020639), Nephrosis (C0027720), kidney morphologic (C0549592)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, MSH, MTHICD9, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Nephrotic Syndrome (C0027726)

Definition (MSH)A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.
Definition (AIR)Nephrotic Syndrome: twenty-four hour urine protein > three grams. May be associated with hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia.
Definition (CSP)diseases involving defective kidney glomeruli, characterized by massive proteinuria and lipiduria with varying degrees of edema, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9581, V13.03
MSHD009404
EnglishNEPHROTIC SYNDROME, Nephrotic Syndromes, NS - Nephrotic syndrome, PERSONL HX NEPHROTIC SYN, SYNDROME NEPHROTIC
Spanishsindrome nefrotico
Parent ConceptsRenal findings, including biopsy (C0150937), Kidney finding (C0426703), Kidney Diseases (C0022658), Nephrosis (C0027720), Syndrome (C0039082), Nephritis, nephrosis and nephrotic syndrome NOS (C0178287), [V]Personal history of urinary system disorder (C0700516), Non-Neoplastic Renal Disorder (C1335036), Nephrotic Syndrome (C0027726), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesAIR, AOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, DXP, ICD9CM, LCH, MSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, QMR, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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