Human Immunodeficiency Virus Book

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HIV TestAka: HIV Antibody, HIV Screening, HIV Labs

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  1. Labs: HIV Detection
    1. Tests
      1. Outpatient test: OraQuick Rapid Antibody Test
        1. Oral HIV Test Kit
        2. HIV 1/2 detection in 20 minutes
        3. Test Sensitivity and Specificity 99%
        4. Positive requires confirmatory test below
      2. Traditional HIV Screening Tests
        1. HIV Enzyme Immunoassay ($20)
      3. HIV Confirmatory Tests
        1. HIV Western Blot Assay
    2. False-negative test causes (Consider PVL Testing)
      1. Acute seroconversion (<4 weeks of HIV Infection)
      2. Advanced AIDS
      3. Autoimmune condition
      4. Hemodialysis patients (Renal Failure)
      5. Multiple pregnancies
      6. Multiple transfusions
      7. Cystic Fibrosis
      8. Liver disease
      9. Intravenous Drug Abuse
      10. Immunization
        1. HIV vaccination (experimental only)
        2. Recent other Immunization
  2. Labs: HIV Activity
    1. Primary Tests
      1. HIV Viral activity
      2. CD4 Cell Count
    2. Other Tests
      1. Viral culture
      2. Direct detection of p24 antigen
        1. Consider for Acute Retroviral Syndrome diagnosis
        2. Test Sensitivity: 88.7%
        3. Test Specificity: 100%
  3. Related Sexually Transmitted Disease Testing
    1. Syphilis Serology (Rapid Plasma Reagin, VDRL)
    2. Hepatitis B Serology
    3. Hepatitis C Serology
    4. Gonorrhea Culture
    5. Chlamydia Antigen
  4. Disease Screening Related to Advanced HIV or AIDS
    1. Tuberculin Skin Test (PPD, Mantoux)
      1. Dose: 0.5 cc injected (contrast with standard 0.1 cc)
      2. Positive: >5 mm (contrast with standard 10 mm)
    2. Cytomegalovirus Serology (CMV)
    3. Toxoplasmosis Titer
    4. Gynecologic examination with Pap Smear
      1. HIV associated with advanced Cervical Cancer
  5. References
    1. Mylonakis (2000) Arch Intern Med 160:2386
    2. (1997) Med Lett Drugs Ther 39:81

HIV screen (C0459958)

ConceptsLaboratory Procedure (T059)
EnglishHIV screen, HIV screening, HIV screening test
Spanishcribado de VIH, deteccion selectiva de HIV, deteccion selectiva de VIH, deteccion selectiva de virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, pesquisa de HIV, pesquisa de VIH, screening de HIV, screening de VIH, tamizaje de HIV, tamizaje de VIH
Parent ConceptsViral screening NOS (C0419997), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesMTH, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Human immunodeficiency virus test (C1321876)

Definition (CSP)any clinical test whose results can be used to diagnosis AIDS; including tests for HIV infection, CD4 lymphocyte count, tests for microorganisms such as Pneumocystis, etc.; for diagnosis by symptoms and other factors, use AIDS DIAGNOSIS.
ConceptsLaboratory Procedure (T059)
EnglishAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome antibody test, AIDS - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antibody test, AIDS test, AIDS/HIV test, HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus test, HIV ANTIBODY TEST, HIV test, Human immunodeficiency virus test
Spanishprueba de deteccion del virus de HIV, prueba de deteccion del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, prueba de deteccion del virus de VIH
Parent ConceptsAIDS/HIV diagnosis (C0596050), Antibody identification (C0430425), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesCOSTAR, CSP, MTH, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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