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ACE Inhibitor
Aka: ACE Inhibitor, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Captopril, Capoten, Lisinopril, Prinivil, Zestril, Enalapril, Vasotec, Fosinopril, Monopril, Benzapril, Lotensin, Moexipril, Univasc, Perindopril, Aceon, Quinapril, Accupril, Ramipril, Altace, Trandopril, Mavik- See Also
- Contraindications
- Absolute Contraindications
- Angioneurotic edema: even if not due to ACE Inhibitor
- Pregnancy (serious Teratogenicity - black box warning)
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- ACE Inhibitor related Allergic Reaction
- Relative Contraindications
- Absolute Contraindications
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Useless in low renin patients (esp. Black ethnicity)
- Low renin patients respond better to Diuretics
- Myocardial Infarction
- Early ACE Inhibitor in acute Myocardial Infarction
- Started within 24 hours of Anterior MI
- Significant reduction in CHF and death
- Significantly lower mortality at 1 year
- Reference
- Early ACE Inhibitor in acute Myocardial Infarction
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Left ventricle Systolic Dysfunction
- Diabetic Nephropathy
- Renal insufficiency
- Hypertension
- Mechanism
- Preparations (Choose once daily dosing if possible)
- Captopril (Capoten)
- Hypertension: 25 mg PO bid-tid (maximum 450 mg/day)
- CHF: 6.25 - 12.5 mg PO tid (maximum 450 mg/day)
- Enalapril (Vasotec)
- Hypertension: 5 mg PO qd (maximum 40 mg/day)
- CHF: 2.5 mg PO qd-bid (maximum 40 mg/day)
- IV: 1.25 mg IV q6h
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
- Hypertension: 10 mg PO qd (target 20-40 mg/day)
- CHF: 5 mg PO qd (target 20 mg/day)
- Acute MI: 5 mg PO qd for 2 days then 10 mg qd
- Maximum 40 mg/day
- Fosinopril (Monopril)
- Hypertension: 10 mg PO qd (target 40 mg/day)
- CHF: 10 mg PO qd (target 20-40 mg/day)
- Maximum: 80 mg/day
- Benzapril (Lotensin)
- Hypertension: 10 mg PO qd (target 20-40 mg/day)
- Maximum: 80 mg/day
- Moexipril (Univasc): Take one hour before meals
- Hypertension: 7.5 mg PO qd (maximum 30 mg/day)
- Perindopril (Aceon)
- Hypertension: 4 mg PO qd (target 4-8 mg/day)
- Maximum 16 mg/day
- Quinapril (Accupril)
- Hypertension: 10 mg PO qd (target 20-40 mg/day)
- CHF: 5 mg PO bid, titrating weekly to 20-40 mg/day
- Maximum: 80 mg/day
- Ramipril (Altace)
- Hypertension: 2.5 mg PO qd (target 2.5-20 mg qd)
- CHF: 2.5 mg PO bid (target 5 mg bid)
- Maximum 20 mg/day
- Trandopril (Mavik)
- Hypertension: 1 mg PO qd (target 2 to 4 mg qd)
- CHF: 1 mg PO qd (target 4 mg qd)
- Maximum: 8 mg/day
- Captopril (Capoten)
- Adverse Effects
- Cough (dry and irritating)
- Characteristics
- Occurs in 5 to 20% of patients
- More common in women
- More common in black patients
- Not dose related
- Stops within 4 days of medication cessation
- Occurs in 5 to 20% of patients
- Alternative medications
- Inhalers may relieve cough
- Tilade 2 puffs inhaled qid
- Cromolyn 20 mg inhaled qid
- Characteristics
- Hyperkalemia (5% of patients)
- See Drug Interactions below
- Asociated with renal insufficiency, Diabetes Mellitus
- Teratogenicity in second or third trimester
- Fetal injury or death
- Pregnancy Class C if discontinued in first trimester
- Renal Insufficiency
- Renal Artery Stenosis (see monitoring below)
- No Creatinine level is absolute contraindication
- Baseline Serum Creatinine <3.0 mg/dl is safe
- Hypotension
- Restart ACE Inhibitor at half prior dose
- Decrease or hold dose of any concurrent Diuretic
- Rare Adverse Reactions
- Angioedema
- Rash
- Agranulocytosis
- Neutropenia
- Associated with comorbid renal insufficiency
- Associated with comorbid collagen vascular disease
- Cough (dry and irritating)
- Drug Interactions
- Increases Lithium levels (follow levels)
- Decreased ACE Inhibitor levels with concurrent antacids
- Decreased Renal Function with concurrent NSAID use
- Agents predisposing to Hyperkalemia
- Bactrim
- Potassium supplements or salt substitute
- Beta Blockers
- NSAIDs
- Potassium sparing Diuretics
- Monitoring
- Serum Potassium (if patient at risk)
- Serum Creatinine
- Timing
- Baseline
- Recheck in 4 days to 2 weeks
- Expect an increase in Chronic Kidney Disease
- Despite this, renal protective effect outweighs mild to moderate Creatinine increase
- Indication to consider stopping ACE Inhibitor
- Serum Creatinine increased >20% in 4 days
- Additional precautions when increasing dose
- Serum Creatinine should not increase >30%
- Timing
- References
Captopril (C0006938) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A drug used to treat high blood pressure that is also being studied in the prevention of side effects caused by radiation therapy used in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called ACE inhibitors. |
| Definition (MSH) | A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin. |
| Definition (NCI) | A sulfhydryl-containing analog of proline with antihypertensive activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), thereby decreasing levels of angiotensin II, increasing plasma renin activity, and decreasing aldosterone secretion. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial cell migration. Captopril may also exhibit antineoplastic activity independent of effects on tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
| Definition (CSP) | potent and specific inhibitor of peptidyl dipeptidase A; it acts to suppress the renin-angiotensin system and inhibits blood pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A sulfhydryl-containing analog of proline with antihypertensive activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), thereby decreasing levels of angiotensin II, increasing plasma renin activity, and decreasing aldosterone secretion. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial cell migration. Captopril may also exhibit antineoplastic activity independent of effects on tumor angiogenesis. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37824&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37824&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C340" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D002216 |
| SnomedCT | 29439004, 387160004 |
| English | (S)-1-(3-Mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-L-proline, L-Proline, 1-(3-mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-, (S)-, captopril, captopril (medication), CAPTOPRIL, Captopril [Chemical/Ingredient], Captopril (product), Captopril (substance), CPT, Captopril |
| Swedish | Kaptopril |
| Czech | kaptopril |
| Finnish | Kaptopriili |
| Russian | KAPTOPRIL, SQ 14225, КАПТОПРИЛ |
| Japanese | カプトプリル |
| French | (S)-1-(3-Mercapto-2-méthyl-1-oxopropyl)-L-proline, Captopril |
| Croatian | KAPTOPRIL |
| Polish | Kaptopryl |
| Spanish | captopril (producto), captopril (sustancia), captoprilo, captopril, Captopril |
| German | Captopril |
| Italian | Captopril |
| Portuguese | Captopril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Vasotec (C0728763) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D015773 |
| English | Vasotec, vasotec, Biovail Brand of Enalaprilat Anhydrous, Merck Frosst Brand of Enalaprilat Anhydrous |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Accupril (C0244580) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C041125 |
| English | Accupril, accupril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Mavik (C0721596) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C052035 |
| English | Mavik, Gopten, mavik, Knoll brand of trandolapril, Abbott brand of trandolapril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Fosinopril (C0118168) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A phosphinic acid-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of hypertension. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite fosinoprilat. |
| Definition (NCI) | A phosphinic acid-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. As an ester prodrug, fosinopril is hydrolysed by esterases to its active metabolite fosinoprilat. Fosinoprilat specifically and competitively inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme thereby decreasing the formation of the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, resulting in diminished vasopressor activity. In addition, angiotensin II-mediated aldosterone secretion by adrenal cortex is decreased, which results in a decrease of sodium retention and an increase in water outflow. |
| Concepts | Organophosphorus Compound (T115) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017328 |
| SnomedCT | 108569005, 372510000 |
| English | Fosenopril, Fosinopril, L-Proline, 4-cyclohexyl-1-(((2-methyl-1-(1-oxopropoxy)propoxy)(4-phenylbutyl)phosphinyl)acetyl)-, (1(S*(R*)),2alpha,4beta)-, fosinopril, Fosinopril [Chemical/Ingredient], Fosinopril (product), Fosinopril (substance), FOSINOPRIL |
| Swedish | Fosinopril |
| Czech | fosinopril |
| Finnish | Fosinopriili |
| Russian | FOSENOPRIL, FOSINOPRIL, ФОСЕНОПРИЛ, ФОСИНОПРИЛ |
| Japanese | ホセノプリル, ホシノプリル |
| Italian | Fosenopril, Fosinopril |
| Polish | Fozynopryl, Fosenopryl |
| Spanish | fosinopril (producto), fosinopril (sustancia), fosinoprilo, fosinopril, Fosenopril, Fosinopril |
| French | Fosénopril, Fosinopril |
| German | Fosenopril, Fosinopril |
| Portuguese | Fosenopril, Fosinopril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Enalapril (C0014025) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (CHV) | a drug used to treat hypertension |
| Definition (CSP) | 1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl-L-alanyl- L-proline (as 1'-ethyl ester, maleate 1:1), is an ACE inhibitor used as an antihypertensive. |
| Definition (MSH) | One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS that is used to treat hypertension. |
| Definition (NCI) | An antihypertensive agent that can also be used to slow or prevent the progression of heart disease in people with childhood cancer treated with drugs that may be harmful to the heart. |
| Definition (NCI) | A dicarbocyl-containing peptide and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. As a prodrug, enalapril is converted by de-esterification into its active form enalaprilat. Enalaprilat competitively binds to and inhibits ACE, thereby blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This prevents the potent vasoconstrictive actions of angiotensin II and results in vasodilation. Enalapril also decreases angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, which leads to an increase in sodium excretion and subsequently increases water outflow. |
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D004656 |
| SnomedCT | 15222008, 372658000 |
| English | Enalapril, enalapril, L-Proline, 1-(N-(1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl)-L-alanyl)-, (S)-, Enalapril [Chemical/Ingredient], Enalapril (product), Enalapril (substance), ENALAPRIL |
| Swedish | Enalapril |
| Czech | enalapril |
| Finnish | Enalapriili |
| Russian | ANALAPRILA MALEAT, ENALAPRIL, MK-421, АНАЛАПРИЛА МАЛЕАТ, ЭНАЛАПРИЛ |
| Japanese | エナラート, レリート, エナリン, ラリルドン, レニベース, レニベーゼ, レニメック, エナラプリルMEEK, レノペント, エナラプリルM, エナラメルク, カルネート, シンベノン, ファルプリル, スパシオール, マレイン酸エナラプリル, ザクール, セリース, レビンベース, エナラプリルマレイン酸塩, アリカンテ, エナラプリル |
| Croatian | ENALAPRIL |
| Spanish | enalaprilo, enalapril (producto), enalapril (sustancia), enalapril, Enalapril |
| Polish | Enalapryl |
| French | Énalapril |
| German | Enalapril |
| Italian | Enalapril |
| Portuguese | Enalapril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Capoten (C0591224) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D002216 |
| English | capoten, Capoten |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Lisinopril (C0065374) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | An orally bioavailable, long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Lisinopril, a synthetic peptide derivative, specifically and competitively inhibits ACE, which results in a decrease in the production of the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and, so, diminished vasopressor activity. In addition, angiotensin II-stimulated aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex is decreased which results in a decrease in sodium and water retention and an increase in serum potassium. |
| Definition (CHV) | a drug used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure |
| Definition (CHV) | a drug used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure |
| Definition (NCI) | A drug used to treat high blood pressure and certain heart conditions. It is also being studied in the prevention and treatment of side effects caused by some anticancer drugs. It blocks certain enzymes that cause blood vessels to constrict (narrow). It is a type of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. |
| Definition (MSH) | One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. |
| Definition (CSP) | lysine derivative of the active form of enalapril; an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension. |
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017706 |
| SnomedCT | 108575001, 386873009 |
| English | Lisinopril, Lysinopril, L-Proline, 1-(N2-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-L-lysyl)-, dihydrate, (S)-, lisinopril, N2-[(1S)-1-Carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]-L-lysyl-L-proline, Dihydrate, lisinopril (medication), LISINOPRIL, Lisinopril [Chemical/Ingredient], lysinopril, Lisinopril (product), Lisinopril (substance) |
| Swedish | Lisinopril |
| Czech | lisinopril |
| Finnish | Lisinopriili |
| Russian | LIZINOPRIL, ЛИЗИНОПРИЛ |
| Japanese | リシノプリル, リジノプリル |
| Croatian | LIZINOPRIL |
| Spanish | lisinoprilo, lisinopril (producto), lisinopril (sustancia), lisinopril, Lisinopril |
| Polish | Lizynopryl |
| French | Lisinopril |
| German | Lisinopril |
| Italian | Lisinopril |
| Portuguese | Lisinopril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Prinivil (C0701176) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017706 |
| English | prinivil, Prinivil |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
quinapril (C0072857) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A prodrug and non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Quinapril is hydrolized into its active form quinaprilat, which binds to and inhibits ACE, thereby blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This abolishes the potent vasoconstrictive actions of angiotensin II and leads to vasodilatation. Quinapril also causes a decrease in angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, thereby promoting diuresis and natriuresis, and increases bradykinin levels. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C041125 |
| SnomedCT | 108578004, 386874003 |
| English | 2-(2-((1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl)amino)-1-oxopropyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid, 3-Isoquinolinecarboxylic acid, 2-(2-((1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl)amino)-1-oxopropyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-, monohydrochloride, (3S-(2(R*(R*)),3R*))-, quinapril, quinapril (medication), quinapril [Chemical/Ingredient], Quinapril, Quinapril (product), Quinapril (substance), QUINAPRIL |
| Spanish | quinapril (producto), quinapril (sustancia), quinaprilo, quinapril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Univasc (C0724125) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C058302 |
| English | Perdix, univasc, univascs, Moex, Schwarz brand of moexipril hydrochloride, Univasc |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Perindopril (C0136123) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Upon hydrolysis, perindopril is converted to its active form perindoprilat, inhibiting ACE and the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II; consequently, angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and angiotensin II-stimulated aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex are inhibited and diuresis and natriuresis ensue. |
| Definition (MSH) | An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D020913 |
| SnomedCT | 350606002, 129486004, 372916001 |
| English | perindopril, Perindopril, 1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid, 1-(2-((1-(ethoxycarbonyl)butyl)amino)-1-oxopropyl)octahydro-, Pirindopril, (2S,3aS,7aS)-1-((S)-N-((S)-1-Carboxybutyl)alanyl)hexahydro-2-indolinecarboxylic Acid, 1-ethyl Ester, Perindopril [Chemical/Ingredient], pirindopril, Perindopril (product), Perindopril (substance), PERINDOPRIL |
| Swedish | Perindopril |
| Czech | perindopril |
| Spanish | Perindopril, perindopril (producto), perindoprilo (producto), perindoprilo, perindopril (sustancia), perindoprilo (sustancia), perindopril |
| Finnish | Perindopriili |
| Russian | PERINDOPRIL, ПЕРИНДОПРИЛ |
| Japanese | ペリンドプリル |
| Polish | Peryndopryl |
| French | Périndopril |
| German | Perindopril |
| Italian | Perindopril |
| Portuguese | Perindopril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Aceon (C0875950) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| English | Aceon, aceon |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Lotensin (C0721436) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C044946 |
| English | Lotensin, lotensins, lotensin, Cibacen, Cibacène, Novartis brand of benazepril hydrochloride |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Ramipril (C0072973) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat. |
| Definition (NCI) | A prodrug and nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Ramipril is converted in the liver by de-esterification into its active form ramiprilat, which inhibits ACE, thereby blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This abolishes the potent vasoconstrictive actions of angiotensin II and leads to vasodilatation. This agent also causes an increase in bradykinin levels and a decrease in angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, thereby promoting diuresis and natriuresis. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017257 |
| SnomedCT | 108564000, 386872004 |
| English | Ramipril, Cyclopenta(b)pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, 1-(2-((1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl)amino)-1-oxopropyl)octahydro-, (2S-(1(R*(R*)),2alpha,3abeta,6abeta))-, ramipril, ramipril (medication), RAMIPRIL, Ramipril [Chemical/Ingredient], Ramipril (product), Ramipril (substance) |
| Swedish | Ramipril |
| Czech | ramipril |
| Finnish | Ramipriili |
| Russian | RAMIPRIL, РАМИПРИЛ |
| Japanese | ラミプリル |
| Croatian | RAMIPRIL |
| Polish | Ramipryl |
| Spanish | ramipril (producto), ramipril (sustancia), ramiprilo, ramipril, Ramipril |
| French | Ramipril |
| German | Ramipril |
| Italian | Ramiprile |
| Portuguese | Ramipril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Altace (C0878061) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (CHV) | brand name of a high blood pressure medication |
| Definition (CHV) | brand name of a high blood pressure medication |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017257 |
| English | Altace, tritace, altace [brand name], altace, triatec, Triatec, Tritace, Astra Brand of Ramipril, Aventis Brand of Ramipril, Aventis Pharma Brand of Ramipril, Delix, Hoechst Brand of Ramipril, Monarch Brand of Ramipril, Ramace, Zabien, Acovil |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (C0003015) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (CHV) | a class of druges mainly used for hypertension treatment |
| Definition (CHV) | a class of druges mainly used for hypertension treatment |
| Definition (CHV) | a class of druges mainly used for hypertension treatment |
| Definition (NCI) | A drug that is used to lower blood pressure. An ACE inhibitor is a type of antihypertensive agent. |
| Definition (CSP) | class of antihypertensive agents which act by inhibiting the proteolytic activation of angiotensin. |
| Definition (MSH) | A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility. |
| Definition (NCI) | A class of agents that target at angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which catalyzes conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. As a result these inhibitors cause vasodilation and mild natriuresis. In addition, ACE inhibitors induce prostaglandin synthesis, which also plays a role in their antihypertensive effects. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D000806 |
| SnomedCT | 41549009, 372733002 |
| English | ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Antagonists, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, Antagonists, Kininase II, Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting, Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting, Inhibitors, ACE, Inhibitors, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, Inhibitors, Kininase II, Kininase II Antagonists, Kininase II Inhibitors, Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, ACE inhibitor, NOS, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor agent, NOS, KININASE II INHIB, INHIB ACE, ACE INHIB, ANGIOTENSIN I CONVERTING ENZYME INHIB, ANTAG ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME, ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME ANTAG, INHIB ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME, ANTAG KININASE II, INHIB KININASE II, KININASE II ANTAG, ACE INHIBITORS, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (medication), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ACE INHIBITOR, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, [CV800] ACE INHIBITORS, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor [EPC], ace inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, ace inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, ACE inhibitor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor agent (product), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor agent (substance), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor agent, ACE Inhibitor, Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors |
| Swedish | ACE-hämmare |
| Czech | enzym konvertující angiotensin - inhibitory, inhibitory ACE |
| Finnish | Angiotensiinikonvertaasin estäjät |
| Italian | Antagonosti dell'enzima convertitore di angiotensina, Inibitori della chinasi II, Antagonisti della chinasi II, Inibitori ACE, Inibitori dell'enzima convertitore di angiotensina I, Inibitori dell'enzima convertitore di angiotensina |
| Russian | ANGIOTENZIN-PREVRASHCHAIUSHCHEGO FERMENTA INGIBITORY, KININAZY II INGIBITORY, АНГИОТЕНЗИН-ПРЕВРАЩАЮЩЕГО ФЕРМЕНТА ИНГИБИТОРЫ, КИНИНАЗЫ II ИНГИБИТОРЫ |
| Japanese | ACE阻害剤, アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤, アンジオテンシン変換酵素抑制剤, キニナーゼ2阻害剤, ACE阻害薬, Angiotensin変換酵素阻害薬, アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害薬, アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤, アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害薬, キニナーゼII阻害剤 |
| Croatian | ANGIOTENZIN, DJELOVANJE ENZIMSKIH INHIBITORA |
| French | IEC (Inhibiteurs de l'Enzyme de Conversion), Inhibiteurs ACE, Inhibiteurs de la kininase II, Inhibiteurs de l'angiotensin converting enzyme, Inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion de l'angiotensine, Inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion, Inhibiteurs ECA |
| Polish | Inhibitory enzymu konwertującego angiotensynę, Inhibitory ACE, Inhibitory kinazy II, Inhibitory konwertazy angiotensyny |
| Spanish | IECA, agente inhibidor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (producto), agente inhibidor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (sustancia), agente inhibidor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, droga inhibidora de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, inhibidor de la ECA, inhibidor de la convertasa, Inhibidores de ACE, Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina, Inhibidores de Quininasa II |
| German | ACE-Hemmer, Angiotensin-Converting-Enzym-Hemmer, Kininase-II-Blocker, Angiotensin-Konversionsenzym-Inhibitoren |
| Portuguese | Inibidores da ACE, Inibidores da Enzima Conversora da Angiotensina, Inibidores da Quininase II |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Zestril (C0678140) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017706 |
| English | zestril, Zestril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
moexipril (C0066685) |
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|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. As a prodrug, moexipril is hydrolyzed into its active form moexiprilat, which competitively inhibits ACE, thereby blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This prevents the actions of the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and leads to vasodilation. It also prevents angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, thereby promoting diuresis and natriuresis. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | C058302 |
| SnomedCT | 108566003, 373442003 |
| English | 2-((1-ethoxycarbony)-3-phenylpropylamino-1-oxopropyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, moexipril, MOEXIPRIL, moexipril [Chemical/Ingredient], Moexipril, Moexipril (product), Moexipril (substance) |
| Spanish | moexipril (producto), moexipril (sustancia), moexiprilo, moexipril |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Monopril (C0728957) |
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|---|---|
| Concepts | Organophosphorus Compound (T115) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017328 |
| English | monopril, Monopril, Staril, Bristol Myers Squibb Brand of Fosinopril Sodium, Bristol-Myers Squibb Brand of Fosinopril Sodium, Fosinorm, Newace |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |