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Sedating AntihistamineAka: Antihistamine, Chlorpheniramine, Bromopheniramine, Cyproheptadine, Hydroxyzine, Periactin, Atarax, Vistaril
- See Also
- Non-Sedating Antihistamine
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Mechanism
- First Generation Antihistamine
- Adverse Effects
- Sedation or Paradoxic excitability
- Worsens Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Worsens Glaucoma
- Dizziness
- Respiratory depression
- Tachycardia
- Seizures
- Torsades de pointes
- Anticholinergic Symptoms
- Hallucinations
- Blurred vision
- Agitation
- Indications
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Antiemetic
- Anaphylaxis
- Acute Urticaria
- Chronic Urticaria
- Anti-pruritic Effects
- Suppresses itching, and reduces lesions
- Does not completely eradicate
- Hydroxyzine (Atarax) is most potent antipruritic
- Preparations: Antihistamine
- See Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
- Dose: 4 mg PO q4-6h
- Cyproheptadine (Periactin)
- Dose: 4 mg PO tid
- Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril)
- Dose: 0.5 mg/kg up to 25-50 mg PO/IM q4-6h prn
Chlorpheniramine (C0008281)
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| Definition (MSH) | A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE. |
| Definition (CSP) | histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, asthma and in veterinary applications; one of the most widely used of the classical antihistamines. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Chlorphenamine, Chlorpheniramine, CHLORPHENIRAMINE PREPARATION, Chlorprophenpyridamine |
| Spanish | clorfeniramina |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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Cyproheptadine (C0010620)
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| Definition (MSH) | A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc. |
| Definition (CSP) | serotonin antagonist and histamine H1 blocker used as an antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and to treat the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome. |
| Definition (PDQ) | The hydrochloride salt of a synthetic methyl-piperidine derivative with antihistaminic and anti-serotoninergic properties. Cyproheptadine competes with free histamine (HA) for binding at HA-receptor sites, thereby competitively antagonizing histamine stimulation of HA-receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, large blood vessels, and bronchial smooth muscle. This agent also competes with free serotonin for binding at serotonin receptor sites. Cyproheptadine exhibits anticholinergic and sedative properties and has been shown to stimulate appetite and weight gain. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=315774&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=315774&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C28949" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Cyproheptadine, CYPROHEPTADINE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | ciproheptadina |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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Histamine H1 Antagonists (C0019592)
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| Definition (MSH) | Drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine H1 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine. Included here are the classical antihistaminics that antagonize or prevent the action of histamine mainly in immediate hypersensitivity. They act in the bronchi, capillaries, and some other smooth muscles, and are used to prevent or allay motion sickness, seasonal rhinitis, and allergic dermatitis and to induce somnolence. The effects of blocking central nervous system H1 receptors are not as well understood. |
| Definition (NCI) | Any agent that bind to the histamine-1 (H-1) receptor, thereby antagonizing histamine mediated allergic reactions, such as bronchoconstriction, vasodilation and up-regulated capillary permeability. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | ANTAG HISTAMINE H1, ANTAG HISTAMINE H1 RECEPT, Antihistamine, ANTIHISTAMINICS H 01, BLOCKADERS HISTAMINE H1 RECEP, H1 antihistamine, H1 Antihistaminics, H1 blockers, H1 RECEPT BLOCK, H1 Receptor Blockaders, HISTAMINE ANTAGONISTS H 001, HISTAMINE H1 ANTAG, Histamine H1 Antagonists, HISTAMINE H1 BLOCK, Histamine H1 Blockers, HISTAMINE H1 RECEPT ANTAG, HISTAMINE H1 RECEPT BLOCK, Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists, Histamine H1 Receptor Blockaders, HISTAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS H1, HISTAMINE RECEPTOR BLOCKADERS H1, RECEPT BLOCK H1 |
| Spanish | antihistamÃnico H1, antihistaminico H1 |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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| Definition (MSH) | A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative. |
| Definition (NCI) | A piperazine derivative with antihistamine, antiemetic, and anxiolytic properties. Hydroxyzine's antihistaminic effect is due to its metabolite, cetirizine, a potent H1 receptor antagonist and selective inhibitor of peripheral H1 receptors. This agent competes with histamine for binding at H1-receptor sites on the effector cell surface. The sedative properties of hydroxyzine occur as a result of suppression of certain subcortical regions of the brain. Secondary to its central anticholinergic actions, hydroxyzine may be effective as an antiemetic. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Hydroxyzine, HYDROXYZINE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | hidroxicina |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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