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Seizure
Aka: Seizure, Convulsion, Epilepsy- See Also
- Causes
- See Seizure Causes
- Evaluation
- Types: Primary Seizures
- Management
- See Status Epilepticus
- See specific Seizure types above
Epilepsy (C0014544) |
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| Definition (SNOMEDCT) | A disorder characterized by recurrent seizures |
| Definition (NCI) | A brain disorder characterized by episodes of abnormally increased neuronal discharge resulting in transient episodes of sensory or motor neurological dysfunction, or psychic dysfunction. These episodes may or may not be associated with loss of consciousness or convulsions. |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes people to have recurring seizures. The seizures happen when clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain send out the wrong signals. People may have strange sensations and emotions or behave strangely. They may have violent muscle spasms or lose consciousness. Epilepsy has many possible causes, including illness, brain injury and abnormal brain development. In many cases, the cause is unknown. Doctors use brain scans and other tests to diagnose epilepsy. It is important to start treatment right away. There is no cure for epilepsy, but medicines can control seizures for most people. When medicines are not working well, surgery or implanted devices such as vagus nerve stimulators may help. Special diets can help some children with epilepsy. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| Definition (MSH) | A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) |
| Definition (CSP) | brain disorder characterized by recurring excessive neuronal discharge, exhibited by transient episodes of motor, sensory, or psychic dysfunction, with or without unconsciousness or convulsive movements. |
| Definition (NCI) | A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D004827 |
| ICD9 | 345.9 |
| ICD10 | G40, G40.9, G40.909 |
| SnomedCT | 155036009, 267698007, 155045005, 267593008, 84757009, 313307000, 246545002, 128613002, 271788002, 193026007 |
| English | SEIZURE DISORDER, Epilepsies, Epilepsy, EPILEPSY, Epileptic Seizures, CLINICAL EPILEPSY DIAGNOSES, CLINICAL EPILEPTIC SYNDROMES AND SEIZURES, Epilepsy, NOS, Epileptic convulsions, NOS, Epileptic disorder, NOS, Epileptic fits, NOS, Epileptic seizures, NOS, Epilepsy NOS, Epilepsy, unspecified, Epilepsy all types, Epileptic Seizure, Epileptic attack, NOS, Seizure, Epileptic, Seizures, Epileptic, Seizure disorder NOS, Seizure Syndromes, Seizure syndrome, SEIZURE DIS, epilepsia, A-30-31 CLINICAL EPILEPTIC SYNDROMES AND SEIZURES, A-30 CLINICAL EPILEPSY DIAGNOSES, (Epilepsy) or (epileptic attack) (disorder), Epilepsy NOS (disorder), epilepsy (diagnosis), seizure disorder (diagnosis), seizure disorder, epilepsy, Seizure Disorder, Seizure Disorders, Epileptic convulsions NOS, Epileptic fits NOS, Epileptic seizures NOS, Epilepsy [Disease/Finding], epilepsis, disorder epilepsy, disorder seizures, epilepsi, seizure epileptic, seizures syndromes, disorders epileptic, epilepsys, epileptic seizures, Seizure;epileptic, convulsion epileptic, epileptic attack, attacks epileptic, disorders seizure, disorders seizures, epilepsias, epilepsy types, epileptics, seizure disorders, epileptic, epileptic fit, epileptic fits, disorder seizure, seizure syndrome, seizures syndrome, epilepsies, syndrome seizure, Epileptic seizure, Epileptic fit, EF - Epileptic fit, EP - Epilepsy, Epileptic, Epilepsy (disorder), Epileptic attack, Epileptic convulsions, Epileptic disorder, Epileptic fits, Epileptic seizure (finding), Epileptic seizures, Seizure disorder (disorder), Seizure disorder, caducus; morbus, cerebral; epileptic, convulsions; epileptic, epilepsy; cerebral, epilepsy; cortical, epilepsy; fit, epilepsy; seizure, epileptic; convulsions, epileptic; syndrome, fit; epileptic, morbus; caducus, seizure; epileptic, syndrome; epileptic, Epilectic attack, NOS, Attack - epileptic, (Epilepsy) or (epileptic attack), epileptic seizure |
| French | EPILEPSIE, Epilepsie SAI, Epilepsie, non précisée, Crise épileptique, Convulsion épileptique, Epilepsie tous types, Épilepsie |
| Portuguese | EPILEPSIA, Epilepsia NE, Crise epiléptica, Ataque epiléptico, Transtorno Convulsivo, Ataque Epiléptico, Convulsões Epiléticas, Crises Epilépticas, Ataques Epilépticos, Distúrbio Convulsivo, Crise Epiléptica, Crises Epiléticas, Convulsão Epiléptica, Ataques Epiléticos, Convulsão Epilética, Crise Epilética, Ataque Epilético, Epilepsia todos os tipos, Convulsões Epilépticas, Epilepsia |
| Spanish | EPILEPSIA, Epilepsia no especificada, Crisis epiléptica, Ataque epiléptico, Epilepsia NEOM, Epileptic attack, Epilepsy, Attack - epileptic, (Epilepsy) or (epileptic attack), Epileptic seizure, Epilepsy NOS, Crisis Epilépticas, Crisis Epileptica, Convulsion Epileptica, Ataque Epiléptico, Ataque Epileptico, Convulsiones Epilepticas, Crisis Epilepticas, Convulsiones Epilépticas, Crisis Epiléptica, Convulsión Epiléptica, Epilepsia, todos los tipos, ataque epiléptico, convulsiones epilépticas, convulsión epiléptica (hallazgo), convulsión epiléptica, crisis epiléptica (hallazgo), crisis epiléptica, epilepsia (trastorno), epilepsia, SAI (trastorno), epilepsia, SAI, epilepsia, trastorno convulsivo (trastorno), trastorno convulsivo, trastorno epiléptico, Epilepsia, Ataques de Epilepsia, Ataques Epilépticos, Trastorno Convulsivo, Trastorno de Crisis Convulsiva, Ataques Epilepticos |
| German | EPILEPSIE, Epilepsie NNB, epileptischer Krampfanfall, Epilepsie, unspezifisch, epileptischer Anfall, Epilepsie, alle Arten, Epilepsie, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Epilepsie, Anfallsleiden, Anfälle, epileptische, Epileptische Anfälle |
| Italian | Epilessie, Epilessia NAS, Crisi epilettica, Epilessia, non specificata, Crisi convulsiva epilettica, Disturbi convulsivi, Attacchi epilettici, Epilessia tutti i tipi, Epilessia |
| Dutch | epilepsie NAO, epileptisch insult, niet-gespecificeerde epilepsie, epileptische convulsie, Epilepsie alle vormen, aanval; epileptisch, caducus; morbus, cerebraal; epilepsie, convulsie; epilepsie, epilepsie; aanval, epilepsie; cerebraal, epilepsie; convulsie, epilepsie; corticaal, epilepsie; syndroom, epilepsie; toeval, morbus; caducus, syndroom; epileptisch, toeval; epilepsie, Epilepsie, niet gespecificeerd, epilepsie, Convulsie, Epilepsie, Epileptische aanval, Insult |
| Japanese | てんかんＮＯＳ, てんかん発作, てんかん、詳細不明, ﾃﾝｶﾝ, ﾃﾝｶﾝNOS, ﾃﾝｶﾝｼｮｳｻｲﾌﾒｲ, ﾃﾝｶﾝﾎｯｻ, 潜伏てんかん, 癲癇, てんかん-潜伏, てんかん, 原因不明性てんかん |
| Swedish | Epilepsi, EPILEPSI ALLA TYPER |
| Czech | epilepsie, Epilepsie, Epileptický záchvat, Epilepsie NOS, Epilepsie, blíže neurčená |
| Finnish | Epilepsia, KAATUMATAUTI/EPILEPSIA |
| Russian | EPILEPSIIA, ЭПИЛЕПСИЯ |
| Norwegian | EPILEPSI ALLE FORMER |
| Danish | Epilepsi alle former |
| Hungarian | epilepsia minden faja, Epilepsia, nem meghatározott, Epilepsiás görcsroham, Epilepsia k.m.n., Epilepsia, Epilepsiás roham |
| Korean | 상세불명의 간질, 간질 |
| Croatian | EPILEPSIJA |
| Basque | EPILEPSIA,EDOZEIN TIPO |
| Hebrew | kipayon |
| Polish | Epilepsja, Padaczka |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Seizures (C0036572) |
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| Definition (NCI) | Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin. |
| Definition (NCI) | A disorder characterized by a sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin. |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Seizures are symptoms of a brain problem. They happen because of sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain. When people think of seizures, they often think of convulsions in which a person's body shakes rapidly and uncontrollably. Not all seizures cause convulsions. There are many types of seizures and some have mild symptoms. Seizures fall into two main groups. Focal seizures, also called partial seizures, happen in just one part of the brain. Generalized seizures are a result of abnormal activity on both sides of the brain. Most seizures last from 30 seconds to 2 minutes and do not cause lasting harm. However, it is a medical emergency if seizures last longer than 5 minutes or if a person has many seizures and does not wake up between them. Seizures can have many causes, including medicines, high fevers, head injuries and certain diseases. People who have recurring seizures due to a brain disorder have epilepsy. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| Definition (NCI) | Convulsion; a sudden, involuntary movement of the muscles. |
| Definition (AIR) | WHAT: Seizure. Seizure: a paroxysmal transient disturbance of brain function that may be manifested as episodic impairment or loss of consciousness, abnormal motor phenomena, psychic or sensory disturbance or perturbation of the autonomic brain electrical activity. WHY: Seizures may occur in systemic lupus erythematosus or in necrotizing vasculitides such as polyarteritis, eosinophilic granulomatous vasculitis, aortic arch arteritis, or rheumatoid arteritis. HOW: A seizure probably exists when there are generalized convulsions or focal motor/sensory phenomenon. GENERALIZED CONVULSIONS may be preceded by an aura but usually have a sudden loss of consciousness with generalized muscle rigidity then generalized muscle activity. They may have incontinence of urine or feces or laceration of the tongue or buccal mucosa. This usually is followed by flaccidity, drowsiness, or complaints of a headache or sore muscles. FOCAL MOTOR/SENSORY PHENOMENON may precede generalized convulsions but may be tonic or clonic muscle activity that is limited to one extremity, one side of the body, or one side of the face or lateralized/localized sensory sensations. These may only be brief sudden involuntary muscle contractions associated with transitory loss of muscle tone and a brief loss of contact with the environment, repetitive automatic behavior patterns, feelings of familiarity or unfamiliarity associated with compulsive thinking, unpleasant epi- gastric sensations that may radiate to the head, or hallucinations of an auditory, vertiginous, olfactory, gustatory, or visual type. REFS: 1) Steinberg, AD: "Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 70). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 2) Hunder, GG and Conn, DL: "Necrotizing Vasculitis". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 72). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 3) Harris, ED Jr: "Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 59). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 4) Bennet, RM and Spargo, BH: Neuropsychiatric problems in mixed connective tissue disease. Am J Med 65(6), December 1978, pp. 955-62. DN19307-1. 5) Duman, S and Ginsburg, S: "Epilepsy (Seizures)". In Problem- Oriented Medical Diagnosis (Ch. 10). Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1975. |
| Definition (MSH) | Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or "seizure disorder." |
| Concepts | Sign or Symptom (T184) |
| MSH | D012640 |
| SnomedCT | 91175000, 206738002, 271788002 |
| English | Seizures, Fit, Fit, NOS, SEIZURE, Seizure, NOS, [D]Fit, Seizure NOS, [D]Seizure NOS, seizure (physical finding), seizure, seizures, sz, CONVULSION, SEIZURES, Seizures [Disease/Finding], fits, fitted, fit's, seizure d, fit, Seizure, Seizure (finding), Convulsion |
| Dutch | insulten, insult, Epileptische aanval, Insult, Aanval, epileptische |
| French | Attaques, Attaque, Crises d'épilepsie, Crises épileptiques |
| German | Krampfanfall, Krampfanfaelle, Anfälle |
| Italian | Crisi convulsiva, Crisi convulsive, Attacchi |
| Portuguese | Convulsão, Convulsões, Ataques (Convulsivos), Crises Sensitivas, Crises Motoras, Crises Convulsivas Parciais Sensitivas, Convulsões Focais, Convulsões Generalizadas, Crises Focais, Ataque (Convulsivo), Ataque Convulsivo, Ataques Focais, Ataques Generalizados, Ataques Motores, Ataques Sensoriais, Crises Parciais Sensitivas |
| Spanish | Crisis, Seizure, Acceso (Convulsivo), Crisis Motoras, Ataque Convulsivo, Acceso Convulsivo, Crisis Focales, Convulsiones Generalizadas, Accesos (Convulsivos), Crisis Sensitivas, Crisis Convulsivas Parciales Sensitivas, Ataque (Convulsivo), Ataques (Convulsivos), Convulsiones, Accesos Convulsivos, Ataques Focales, Ataques Generalizados, Ataques Motores, Ataques Sensoriales |
| Japanese | 発作, ﾎｯｻ, 発作-けいれん性, 発作-痙攣性, 痙攣性発作, 全身痙攣, 全身けいれん, けいれん, 痙攣, 全身間代性けいれん, てんかん-感覚性, 感覚性てんかん, けいれん性発作 |
| Swedish | Anfall |
| Czech | záchvaty, Záchvat, Záchvaty |
| Finnish | Kohtaukset |
| Russian | PRISTUPY BOLEZNI, PRIPADKI, PAROKSIZMY, SUDOROGI, ПАРОКСИЗМЫ, ПРИПАДКИ, ПРИСТУПЫ БОЛЕЗНИ, СУДОРОГИ |
| Croatian | NAPADAJI |
| Polish | Napad drgawkowy, Drgawki |
| Hungarian | Görcsroham, Görcsrohamok |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |