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SeizureAka: Convulsion, Epilepsy
- See Also
- Causes
- See Seizure Causes
- Evaluation
- Types: Primary Seizures
- Management
- See Status Epilepticus
- See specific seizure types above
Epilepsy (C0014544) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) |
| Definition (CSP) | brain disorder characterized by recurring excessive neuronal discharge, exhibited by transient episodes of motor, sensory, or psychic dysfunction, with or without unconsciousness or convulsive movements. |
| Definition (NCI) | A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| ICD9 | 345.9 |
| Danish | Epilepsi alle former |
| Dutch | Epilepsie alle vormen |
| English | epilepsia, Epilepsies, Epilepsy, Epilepsy all types, Epileptic, Epileptic attack, Epileptic convulsions, Epileptic disorder, Epileptic fit, Epileptic fits, Epileptic seizure, Epileptic seizures, SEIZURE DIS, Seizure Disorder, Seizure Disorders |
| Finnish | KAATUMATAUTI/EPILEPSIA |
| French | Epilepsie tous types |
| Hebrew | kipayon |
| Hungarian | epilepsia minden faja |
| Italian | Epilessia tutti i tipi |
| Norwegian | EPILEPSI ALLE FORMER |
| Portuguese | Epilepsia todos os tipos |
| Spanish | ataque epiléptico, ataque epileptico, convulsión epiléptica, convulsion epileptica, convulsiones epilépticas, convulsiones epilepticas, crisis epiléptica, crisis epileptica, epilepsia, trastorno convulsivo, trastorno epiléptico, trastorno epileptico |
| Swedish | EPILEPSI ALLA TYPER |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Seizures (C0036572) | |
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| Definition (AIR) | WHAT: Seizure. Seizure: a paroxysmal transient disturbance of brain function that may be manifested as episodic impairment or loss of consciousness, abnormal motor phenomena, psychic or sensory disturbance or perturbation of the autonomic brain electrical activity. WHY: Seizures may occur in systemic lupus erythematosus or in necrotizing vasculitides such as polyarteritis, eosinophilic granulomatous vasculitis, aortic arch arteritis, or rheumatoid arteritis. HOW: A seizure probably exists when there are generalized convulsions or focal motor/sensory phenomenon. GENERALIZED CONVULSIONS may be preceded by an aura but usually have a sudden loss of consciousness with generalized muscle rigidity then generalized muscle activity. They may have incontinence of urine or feces or laceration of the tongue or buccal mucosa. This usually is followed by flaccidity, drowsiness, or complaints of a headache or sore muscles. FOCAL MOTOR/SENSORY PHENOMENON may precede generalized convulsions but may be tonic or clonic muscle activity that is limited to one extremity, one side of the body, or one side of the face or lateralized/localized sensory sensations. These may only be brief sudden involuntary muscle contractions associated with transitory loss of muscle tone and a brief loss of contact with the environment, repetitive automatic behavior patterns, feelings of familiarity or unfamiliarity associated with compulsive thinking, unpleasant epi- gastric sensations that may radiate to the head, or hallucinations of an auditory, vertiginous, olfactory, gustatory, or visual type. REFS: 1) Steinberg, AD: "Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 70). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 2) Hunder, GG and Conn, DL: "Necrotizing Vasculitis". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 72). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 3) Harris, ED Jr: "Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis". In Textbook of Rheumatology (Ch. 59). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1981. 4) Bennet, RM and Spargo, BH: Neuropsychiatric problems in mixed connective tissue disease. Am J Med 65(6), December 1978, pp. 955-62. DN19307-1. 5) Duman, S and Ginsburg, S: "Epilepsy (Seizures)". In Problem- Oriented Medical Diagnosis (Ch. 10). Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1975. |
| Definition (MSH) | Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or "seizure disorder." |
| Definition (NCI) | (SEE-zhurz) Convulsions; sudden, involuntary movements of the muscles. |
| Definition (NCI) | Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin.--2004 |
| Concepts | Sign or Symptom (T184) |
| ICD9 | 780.39 |
| English | Convulsion, seizure, Seizures |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
