Nephrology Book

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Edema

Aka: Edema, Fluid Overload
  1. See Also
    1. Leg Edema
  2. Definition
    1. Abnormal interstitial fluid accumulation
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Localized Edema
      1. Loss of vascular integrity
        1. Changes in capillary hemodynamics
      2. Increase in tissue oncotic pressure
        1. Increased interstitial protein concentration
      3. Increase in hydrostatic pressure
        1. Norepinephrine results in renal Vasoconstriction
        2. Renin results in sodium absorption
        3. Aldosterone results in water retention
    2. Generalized edema
      1. Implies >3 Liters interstitial fluid accumulation
      2. Sodium and water retention
        1. Kidney senses decreased perfusion
        2. Kidney senses decreased circulating volume
  4. Causes
    1. Categories of Edema
      1. Localized Edema Causes
      2. Generalized Edema Above the Diaphragm
      3. Generalized Edema Below the Diaphragm
    2. Miscellaneous Edema Types
      1. Medication Causes of Edema
      2. Exercise edema
      3. Idiopathic Edema
      4. High Altitude Edema (Facial and lower limb edema)
      5. Tropical Edema
      6. Periodic edema
  5. Symptoms
    1. Unexplained weight gain
    2. Ring tightness
    3. Shoe tightness
    4. Facial swelling or puffiness
    5. Swollen arms or legs
    6. Abdominal distention
  6. Signs
    1. See Edema evaluation
    2. Palpable swelling of skin or subcutaneous tissue
      1. Pitting edema
      2. Non-Pitting edema (Brawny edema)
  7. Radiology
    1. Chest XRay
      1. Evaluate for Congestive Heart Failure
    2. Lower Extremity Doppler Ultrasound
      1. Evaluate for Deep Vein Thrombosis
  8. Labs
    1. Renal Function test
      1. Serum Creatinine
      2. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
    2. Serum Albumin
    3. Liver Function Test
    4. Urinalysis
    5. Urine test for thiazides or Phenolphthalein
      1. Confirms Diuretic abuse or Laxative abuse

Fluid overload (C0546817)

Definition (HHC) Fluid retention, overload, or edema.
Definition (NAN) Increased isotonic fluid retention
Definition (CSP) abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in the body.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9 276.6
ICD10 E87.7, E87.70
SnomedCT 234175000, 33024009, 190899008, 21639008
English FLUID OVERLOAD, Alteration in fluid volume: excess, Excess fluid volume, HYPERVOLAEMIA, HYPERVOLEMIA, Fluid overload NOS, Volume overload, Excess Fluid Volume, fluid overload (diagnosis), fluid overload, Hypervolaemia (disorder), VOLUME OVERLOAD, Fluid overload NOS (disorder), Alteration in fluid volume: excess (finding), rndx fluid volume excess (diagnosis), rndx fluid volume excess, volume excess, volume overload, fluid excess, excess fluid volume, fluid excess volume, fluid volume excess, fluids overload, overloaded volume, excess fluid, excess fluids, hypervolaemia, Fluid overload, unspecified, Fluid Volume Excess, Hypervolemia, Fluid excess, Fluid volume excess, Volume excess, Hypervolaemia, Hypervolemia (disorder), EXCESS FLUID VOLUME, hypervolemia, excess; fluid, fluid; excess, fluid; overload, overload fluid, overload; fluid, Fluid overload
Italian Ipervolemia, Sovraccarico di liquidi, Sovraccarico di volume
Japanese 血液量増加症, 水分過負荷, ｹﾂｴｷﾘｮｳｿﾞｳｶｼｮｳ, ｽｲﾌﾞﾝｶﾌｶ, 容量過負荷, ﾖｳﾘｮｳｶﾌｶ
Spanish Hypervolemia, Hypervolaemia, Sobrecarga de volumen, HIPERVOLEMIA, LIQUIDOS, SOBRECARGA, L.E.C. aumentado, exceso de volumen de líquido, alteración del volumen de líquido: exceso (hallazgo), líquido extracelular aumentado, alteración del volumen de líquido: exceso, exceso de líquidos, hipervolemia (trastorno), hipervolemia, sobrecarga de líquidos, SAI (trastorno), sobrecarga de líquidos, SAI, Hipervolemia, Sobrecarga de líquido
French Surcharge en volume, HYPERVOLEMIE, SURCHARGE LIQUIDIENNE, Hypervolémie, Surcharge liquidienne
Dutch volume overbelasting, overbelasting; vocht, overmaat; vocht, vocht; overbelasting, vocht; overmaat, Overmaat aan vocht, hypervolemie, vochtopstapeling
Portuguese Sobrecarga de líquido, HIPERVOLEMIA, SOBRECARGA DE LIQUIDOS, Hipervolemia, Sobrecarga de líquidos
German Volumenueberlastung, FLUESSIGKEITSUEBERLASTUNG, Fluessigkeitsueberschuss, HYPERVOLAEMIE, Hypervolaemie, Ueberwaesserung
Czech Přeplnění tekutiny, Hypervolemie, Hyperhydratace
Korean 체액과부하
Hungarian Folyadék túlterhelés, Hypervolemia, Térfogat túltöltése, Hypervolaemia
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Disorder characterized by edema (C1290849)

Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
SnomedCT 118654009
English Disorder characterised by oedema, Disorder characterized by edema (disorder), Disorder characterized by edema
Spanish trastorno caracterizado por la presencia de edema (trastorno), trastorno caracterizado por la presencia de edema
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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