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DiazepamAka: Valium
- See Also
- Indications
- Insomnia
- Anxiety Disorder
- Alcohol Withdrawal
- Seizure Disorder
- Musculoskeletal spasm
- Tetanus
- Contraindications
- Acute Narrow Angle Glaucoma
- Untreated Open Angle Glaucoma
- Children under age 6 years
- Pharmacokinetics
- Half Life: 20-90 hours
- Precautions
- Avoid when requiring optimal mental status
- Driving
- Operating machinery
- Use caution if risk of cardiopulmonary depression
- Elderly
- Very ill patients
- Limited pulmonary reserve (e.g. COPD)
- Do not use with other cardiopulmonary depressants
- Alcohol
- Barbiturates
- Intravenous Injection
- Inject intravenously slowly (1 ml per minute)
- Reduce dose to 70% when administering with Narcotic
- Avoid when requiring optimal mental status
- Adverse Reactions
- Common General affects
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Ataxia
- Benzodiazepine Dependence with withdrawal symptoms
- Local injection side affects (inject slowly)
- Venous thrombosis
- Phlebitis
- Common General affects
- Dosing
- Anxiety Disorder
- Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO bid to qid
- Maximum Daily Dose: 40 mg
- Acute Alcohol Withdrawal
- First day: 10 mg PO tid to qid
- Next days: 5 mg PO tid to qid
- Musculoskeletal spasm
- Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO tid to qid
- Seizure disorder
- Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO qd
- Older patients or with comorbid condition
- Dose: 2 to 2.5 mg PO qd to bid
- Anxiety Disorder
- Equivalents to 60 mg Diazepam (for withdrawal protocol)
- Alprazolam (Xanax) 6 mg
- Chlordiazepoxide (Limbitrol) 150 mg
- Clonazepam (Klonopin) 24 mg
- Flurazepam (Dalmane) 90 mg
- Halazepam (Paxipam) 240 mg
- Lorazepam (Ativan) 12 mg
- Oxazepam (Serax) 60 mg
- Temazepam (Restoril) 60 mg
Diazepam (C0012010) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. It is used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p589) |
| Definition (CSP) | benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action; its actions are mediated by enhancement of amma-aminobutyric acid activity; it is used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. |
| Definition (NCI) | A benzodiazepine derivative with anti-anxiety, sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties. Diazepam potentiates the inhibitory activities of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by binding to the GABA receptor, located in the limbic system and the hypothalamus. This increases the frequency of chloride channel opening, allowing the flow of chloride ions into the neuron and ultimately leading to membrane hyperpolarization and a decrease in neuronal excitability. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| English | Diazepam, DIAZEPAM PREPARATION, Diazepam product |
| Spanish | diacepam, diazepam |
| Parent Concepts | Benzodiazepinones (C0005065), Benzodiazepines (C0005064), Hypnotics and Sedatives (C0020592), Anticonvulsants (C0003286), [CN302] BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE, SEDATIVES/HYPNOTICS (C0973503), Diazepam (C0012010), Benzodiazepine antiepileptic (C0053218), Benzodiazepine sedative (C0360114) |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, LNC, MSH, MTH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, VANDF Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Valium (C0699187) | |
|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| English | Valium |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, MSH, NCI, RXNORM Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
