Pulmonology Book

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Rifampin

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  1. Background
    1. Semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin
    2. Rifamycin produced by Streptomyces mediterranei
    3. Drug resistance emerges rapidly
      1. Must be used with other antituberculous drugs
  2. Indications
    1. Multi-drug Tuberculosis Treatment regimen
  3. Dosing
    1. Adult: 600 mg/day PO or IV
    2. Pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg/day (Max 600/day)
  4. Adverse Effects
    1. Hepatotoxicity
    2. Nephritis
    3. Rash
    4. Thrombocytopenia
    5. Influenza-like Syndrome
      1. Associated with infrequent dosing
    6. Body fluids become orange tinged
      1. Urine
      2. Sweat
      3. Tears
  5. Drug Interactions: Increases other drug elimination
    1. Anticoagulants (Warfarin)
    2. Ketoconazole
    3. Chloramphenicol
    4. Methadone

Rifampin (C0035608)

Definition (MSH)A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
EnglishBenemycin, RIF, Rifampicin, Rifampicin product, Rifampin, RIFAMPIN PREPARATION
Spanishrifampicina, rifampina
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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