Cardiovascular Medicine Book

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Hypertension Evaluation History

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  1. History: Past Medical History
    1. Onset and severity of Hypertension
    2. Average Blood Pressure
  2. History: Family History
    1. Hypertension
    2. Kidney disease
  3. History: Medications
    1. See Medication Causes of Hypertension
  4. History: Habits:
    1. Salt intake
    2. Fat intake
    3. High caloric intake contributing to Obesity
    4. Alcohol use
    5. Tobacco Use
    6. Recreational drugs of abuse
      1. Cocaine
      2. Methamphetamine
  5. History: Lead Exposure Risk
    1. Lead paints
    2. Printer inks
    3. Inhalation risks
    4. Postmenopausal women
      1. Lead increases due to skeletal lead mobilization
      2. Nash (2003) JAMA 289:1523
  6. History: Symptoms of Urinary tract Disease
    1. Urinary Tract Infection
    2. Nephrolithiasis (or Hypercalcemia)
    3. Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
  7. Findings: Evidence of Endocrine Disease
    1. Diabetes Mellitus
    2. Hyperthyroidism
    3. Hypothyroidism
    4. Hyperparathyroidism (Hypercalcemia)
      1. Confusion
      2. Major Depression
      3. Abdominal Pain
      4. Nephrolithiasis
      5. Constipation
    5. Cushing's Disease
      1. Acne Vulgaris
      2. Osteoporosis
      3. Bone Fractures
      4. Glucose Intolerance
    6. Aldosteronism
      1. Hypokalemia
      2. Muscle Weakness
      3. Paresthesias
      4. Tetany
    7. 11-Hydroxylase deficiency
      1. Premature virilization in males
      2. Masculinization in females
    8. 17-Hydroxylase deficiency
      1. Failed sex maturation
    9. Pheochromocytoma
      1. Sweating
      2. Tremor
      3. Panic
      4. Facial pallor
      5. Headache
      6. Weight loss
  8. Findings: Evidence of Neurologic Disease
    1. Previous Neurologic disease or symptoms
    2. Headaches
    3. Confusion
    4. Seizures
  9. Findings: Evidence of Cardiovascular disease
    1. Coronary Artery Disease
    2. Congestive Heart Failure
    3. Amaurosis Fugax
    4. Claudication
    5. Renal Artery Stenosis
  10. Findings: Evidence of Sleep Disorder
    1. Sleep Apnea
    2. Exaggerated snoring
    3. Inappropriate sleep episodes

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