Sports Medicine Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Sports Performance SupplementAka: Ergogenic Aid, Anabolic Aid

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  1. See Also
    1. Nutrition for Athletes
  2. Epidemiology
    1. U.S. Supplement revenue in 1997: 11.8 Billion
    2. Incidence of supplement use
      1. General population: 50%
      2. College athletes: 76%
      3. Body builders: 100%
  3. Efficacy
    1. Supplements listed here are for completeness only
      1. No supplement is endorsed by this resource
      2. Many supplements are dangerous and illegal
    2. Ergogenic aids generally have poor risk-benefit ratio
      1. Few ergogenic aids are beneficial
      2. Many ergogenic aids carry significant risks
  4. Adrenergic Stimulants
    1. Caffeine
    2. Cocaine
    3. Ephedrine
    4. Ephedra
    5. Pseudoephedrine
    6. Phenylpropanolamine
  5. Anabolic agents
    1. Anabolic Steroids
      1. Androstenedione
      2. Dianabol
      3. Testosterone
      4. Dihydrotestosterone
    2. Human Growth Hormone
      1. Used to enhance growth in short stature
      2. Precursor to testosterone
      3. Produced by recombinant genetics
      4. Very expensive, difficult to detect
    3. Insulin
  6. Anti-Asthma Medications (for performance enhancement)
    1. Clenbuterol
    2. Albuterol
    3. Salbutamol
    4. Salmeterol
    5. Terbutaline
  7. Increased Red Blood Cell Mass
    1. Blood Doping
    2. Recombinant Erythropoietin
  8. Nutritional Supplements
    1. Creatine Monohydrate
    2. Amino acid supplementation
    3. Chromium Picolinate
    4. L-Carnitine
    5. L-Tryptophan
    6. Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methyl-butyrate (HMB)
    7. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
  9. References
    1. Ahrendt (2001) Am Fam Physician 63(5):913
    2. Armsey (1997) Physician Sports Med 25(6):77-92
    3. Eichner (1997) Physician Sports Med 25(4): 70-83
    4. Catlin (1996) JAMA 276(3):231

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