Otolaryngology Book

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Meniere's Disease

Aka: Meniere's Disease, Labyrinthine Hydrops, Endolymphatic Hydrops
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  1. Etiology
    1. Unknown
    2. Exacerbated by stress or emotional disturbance
    3. Associated with concurrent infection in 50% cases
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Swelling of endolymphatic labyrinthine spaces
    2. Degeneration of the Organ of Corti
  3. Symptoms
    1. Prodrome
      1. Headache
    2. Triad
      1. Tinnitus: "Roaring", low tone
      2. Vertigo: Recurrent episodic
      3. Sensorineural Hearing Loss: fluctuant
    3. Usually unilateral
      1. But 33% have bilateral disease
    4. Dizziness
      1. May last minutes to hours, days when severe
  4. Signs
    1. Nystagmus
      1. Only present when Vertigo present
    2. Sensorineural Hearing Loss
      1. Early: Low tones affected
      2. Later: All tones affected
  5. Management: Acute
    1. Diazepam IV
    2. Atropine IV
    3. Transdermal Scopolamine
  6. Management: Maintenance
    1. Medications
      1. Diazepam
      2. Bellergal
      3. Meclizine
    2. Low salt diet (<2 grams daily)
    3. Decrease caffeine
    4. Smoking Cessation
    5. Diuretics (Dyazide)
  7. Management: ENT
    1. Ablation of vestibular hair cells
      1. Performed with intratympanic injection of Gentamicin
    2. Surgery: (10% of patients with refractory cases)
      1. Decompress endolymphatic sacs (Symptom relief in 66%)
      2. Vestibular nerve section (Symptom relief in 95%)
      3. No procedure corrects the Hearing Loss
  8. References
    1. Glasscock (1984) Am J Otol 5:536-42
    2. Knox (1997) Am Fam Physician 55(4):1185-90

Endolymphatic Hydrops (C0206586)

Definition (MSH) An accumulation of ENDOLYMPH in the inner ear (LABYRINTH) leading to buildup of pressure and distortion of intralabyrinthine structures, such as COCHLEA and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. It is characterized by SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; and sometimes VERTIGO.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D018159
ICD10 H81.0
SnomedCT 9794007, 194346003
English Endolymphatic Hydrops, HYDROPS, COCHLEAR, HYDROPS, ENDOLYMPHATIC, HYDROPS, LABYRINTHINE, Hydrops, Endolymphatic, Endolymphatic hydrops syndrome, endolymphatic hydrops, labyrinthine hydrops, Endolymphatic Hydrops [Disease/Finding], cochlear hydrops, Labyrinthine hydrops, Endolymphatic hydrops, Endolymphatic hydrops (disorder), endolymphatic; hydrops, hydrops; endolymphatic, Cochlear hydrops
Dutch hydrops van het labyrint, cochleaire hydrops, endolymfatisch; hydrops, hydrops; endolymfatisch, endolymfatische hydrops, Hydrops endolymphaticus
French Hypertension endolabyrinthique, Hydrops cochléaire, Hydrops endolymphatique
German Labyrinthhydrops, endolymphatischer Hydrops, Endolymphhydrops, Endolymphatischer Hydrops
Italian Idrope cocleare, Idrope del labirinto, Idrope endolinfatica
Portuguese Hidropsia coclear, Edema labiríntico, Hidropsia Endolinfática, Hidropisia Endolinfática, Hidropsia endolinfática
Spanish Hidropesía laberíntica, Hidrops coclear, Endolymphatic hydrops, Hidropsia Endolinfática, Hidropsia Endolinfatica, hidropesía endolinfática (trastorno), hidropesía endolinfática, Hidropesía endolinfática, Hidropesía Endolinfática, Hidropesia Endolinfatica
Japanese 内リンパ水腫, 迷路水腫, 蝸牛水腫, ﾒｲﾛｽｲｼｭ, ﾅｲﾘﾝﾊﾟｽｲｼｭ, ｶｷﾞｭｳｽｲｼｭ
Swedish Endolymfatisk hydrops
Czech endolymfatický hydrops, Vodnatelnost hlemýždě, Endolymfatický hydrops, Hydrops labyrintu
Finnish Labyrinttihydrops
Russian ENDOLIMFATICHESKAIA VODIANKA, ЭНДОЛИМФАТИЧЕСКАЯ ВОДЯНКА
Croatian Not Translated[Endolymphatic Hydrops]
Polish Obrzęk błędnika, Puchlina endolimfatyczna
Hungarian Labyrinthus hydrops, endolymphatikus hydrops, Cochlearis hydrops
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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