II. Pathophysiology
- Drugs are second most common cause of Neutropenia
- Induce hypoproliferation via marrow injury
III. Causes: Most common
- Chemotherapeutics (standard effect, see below)
- Thyroid inhibitors (Antithyroid Drugs)
- Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Septra, Bactrim)
- Sulfasalazine
- Clomipramine
- Dipyrone
- Concurrent Analgesic use is predisposing factor
IV. Causes: Chemotherapeutics (most common causes)
- See Alkylating Agents
- See Antimetabolite Chemotherapy
- Anthracyclines (e.g. Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin)
- Taxanes (e.g. Paclitaxel, Docetaxel)
- Topoisomerase inhibitors (Etoposide)
- Platinum Chemotherapy (e.g. Cisplatin)
- Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
- Vinorelbine (Navelbine)
- [PubMed]
V. Causes: Antibiotics
- Chloramphenicol
- Penicillins and Cephalosporins
- Vancomycin
- Sulfonamide
- Gentamicin
- Clindamycin
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
- Metronidazole
- Nitrofurantoin
- Rifampin
- Isoniazid
- Ethambutol
- Dapsone
- Ciprofloxacin
- Antimalarial medications (e.g. Chloroquine)
- Mebendazole
- Terbinafine
- Griseofulvin
VI. Causes: Neuropsychotropics
- Phenothiazine (e.g. Chlorpromazine)
- Meprobamate
- Barbiturates
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- Risperidone (Risperdal)
- Imipramine or Desipramine
- Thiothixene (Navane)
- Haloperidol (Haldol)
- Valproic Acid (Depakote)
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
VII. Causes: Cardiovascular Medications
VIII. Causes: Analgesics
- NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Sulindac, Tolmetin)
- Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)
IX. Causes: Miscellaneous
- Allopurinol
- Colchicine
- Antithyroid Drugs (e.g. Propylthiouracil)
- Antihistamines (e.g. Cimetidine, Brompheniramine)
- Quinine
- Heavy Metals
X. References
- Lee (1999) Wintrobe's Hematology, Lippincott, p. 1862-9
- van der Klauw (1999) Arch Intern Med 159(4):369-74 [PubMed]