Gastroenterology Book

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ShigellaAka: Bacillary Dysentery

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  1. See Also
    1. Diarrhea
    2. Infectious Diarrhea
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Transmission
      1. Human feces
      2. Hand contact
      3. Fly infestation
    2. Only small inoculum required for infection
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Invades bowel mucosa
    2. Produces enterotoxin in colon
  4. Symptoms
    1. Symptom onset in 1-3 days from ingestion
    2. Diarrhea
    3. Tenesmus
    4. Abdominal cramps
    5. Nausea and Vomiting
    6. Lassitude
  5. Signs
    1. Fever
    2. Dehydration
    3. Lower abdominal tenderness
  6. Diagnosis: Flexible Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy
    1. Hyperemic bowel wall
    2. Mural edema
    3. Purulent exudate
  7. Labs
    1. Stool microscopy
      1. Stool Mucus
      2. Fecal Leukocytes present
    2. Complete Blood Count
      1. Leukocytosis or Leukopenia
    3. Routine Stool Culture
  8. Management: Child
    1. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 5 days
      1. Dose: 10 mg Trimethoprim/Kg/day PO/IV divided bid
  9. Management: Adult
    1. Fluoroquinolone

Shigella (C0036953)

Definition (CSP)genus of gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod shaped bacteria that ferments sugar without gas production; its organisms are intestinal pathogens of man and other primates and cause bacillary dysentery.
Definition (MSH)A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that ferments sugar without gas production. Its organisms are intestinal pathogens of man and other primates and cause bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY).
ConceptsBacterium (T007)
MSHD012760
EnglishGenus Shigella, Shigella, Shigella Castellani and Chalmers 1919
Parent ConceptsSalmonella (C0036111), Enterobacteriaceae (C0014346)
SourcesAOD, CSP, MSH, MTH, NCBI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Dysentery, Bacillary (C1527298)

Definition (MSH)DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).
Definition (CSP)dysentary caused by gram negative rod shaped enteric bacteria, most often by the genus Shigella; Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD004405
EnglishBacillary dysentery, Bacillary dysentry
Spanishdisenteria bacilar, disenteria basilar
Parent ConceptsEnterobacteriaceae Infections (C0014347), Gastrointestinal infections (C0687715), Dysentery (C0013369), Shigella Infections (C0013371)
SourcesCOSTAR, CSP, DXP, MSH, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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