Gastroenterology Book

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Shigella

Aka: Shigella, Bacillary Dysentery
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  1. See Also
    1. Diarrhea
    2. Infectious Diarrhea
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Most common cause of bloody Diarrhea in the United States (since 2010 when surpassed E. coli 0157:H7)
    2. Transmission
      1. Human feces
      2. Hand contact
      3. Fly infestation
    3. Only small inoculum required for infection
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Invades bowel mucosa
    2. Produces enterotoxin in colon
  4. Symptoms
    1. Symptom onset in 1-3 days from ingestion
    2. Diarrhea
    3. Tenesmus
    4. Abdominal cramps
    5. Nausea and Vomiting
    6. Lassitude
  5. Signs
    1. Fever
    2. Dehydration
    3. Lower abdominal tenderness
  6. Diagnosis: Flexible Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy
    1. Hyperemic bowel wall
    2. Mural edema
    3. Purulent exudate
  7. Labs
    1. Stool microscopy
      1. Stool Mucus
      2. Fecal Leukocytes present
    2. Complete Blood Count
      1. Leukocytosis or Leukopenia
    3. Routine Stool Culture
  8. Management: Child
    1. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 5 days
      1. Dose: 10 mg Trimethoprim/Kg/day PO/IV divided bid
  9. Management: Adult
    1. Fluoroquinolone

Dysentery, Bacillary (C1527298)

Definition (MSH) DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest).
Definition (CSP) dysentary caused by gram negative rod shaped enteric bacteria, most often by the genus Shigella; Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D004405
ICD10 A03.9
SnomedCT 274081004, 36188001, 154272001, 186103005, 266175007
English BACILLARY DYSENTERY, Bacillary Dysentery, Dysentery, Bacillary, Bacillary dysentery NOS, Dysentery, Bacillary [Disease/Finding], Dysentery;bacillary, dysentery bacillary, Bacillary dysentery, Bacillary dysentery (disorder), bacillary; dysentery, dysentery; bacillary, Bacillary dysentry, bacillary dysentery
Dutch bacillaire dysenterie, bacillair; dysenterie, dysenterie; bacillair, Bacillaire dysenterie, Dysenterie, bacillaire, Shigellose
German Bakterienruhr, Dysenterie, bakterielle
Portuguese Disenteria bacilar, Disenteria Bacilar, Shiguelose
Spanish Disentería bacilar, Bacillary dysentery, Bacillary dysentry, disentería bacilar, disentería basilar, disentería basilar (trastorno), disentería bacilar (trastorno), Disenteria Bacilar, Disentería Bacilar
Swedish Rödsot
Japanese ｻｲｷﾝｾｲｾｷﾘ, 細菌赤痢, 赤痢菌感染症, 赤痢-細菌, 赤痢-細菌性, 細菌性赤痢
Czech Shigella - infekce, dyzentérie bacilární, Bacilární dysenterie, úplavice bacilární
Finnish Shigelloosi
Russian SHIGELLA-INFEKTSII, DIZENTERIIA BATSILLIARNAIA, SHIGELLA-ИНФЕКЦИИ, ДИЗЕНТЕРИЯ БАЦИЛЛЯРНАЯ
Croatian DIZENTERIJA, BACILARNA
Polish Czerwonka bakteryjna, Szigelloza, Zakażenie Shigella
Hungarian bacillaris dysenteria
French Dysenterie bacillaire, Gastro-entérites à shigelles, Gastroentérites à shigelles
Italian Dissenteria bacillare
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Shigella (C0036953)

Definition (NCI) A genus of Gram-negative, non-spore forming rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria.
Definition (NCI) Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Shigella genus level.
Definition (MSH) A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that ferments sugar without gas production. Its organisms are intestinal pathogens of man and other primates and cause bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY).
Definition (CSP) genus of gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod shaped bacteria that ferments sugar without gas production; its organisms are intestinal pathogens of man and other primates and cause bacillary dysentery.
Concepts Bacterium (T007)
MSH D012760
SnomedCT 77352002
English Shigella, SHIGELLA, Shigella, NOS, Shigella (organism), Genus Shigella, Genus Shigella (organism), 1E1 SHIGELLA, Shigella Castellani and Chalmers 1919, shigella, shigellas
French Shigelles, Shigella
Japanese 赤痢菌, ｾｷﾘｷﾝ
Swedish Shigella
Czech Shigella
Spanish Shigella (organismo), género Shigella (organismo), género Shigella, Shigella
Finnish Shigella
Russian SHIGELLA, ШИГЕЛЛА
Croatian SHIGELLA
Polish Pałeczki czerwonki, Shigella
Hungarian Shigella
German Shigella
Italian Shigella
Dutch Shigella
Portuguese Shigella
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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