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Sudden Cardiac Death

Aka: Sudden Cardiac Death
  1. See Also
    1. Arrhythmias in Athletes
    2. Sudden Death in Athletes
    3. Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome (Brugada Syndrome)
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Cardiac Arrest resulting in sudden cessation of cardiac function
    2. Primary rhythms leading to Sudden Cardiac Death
      1. Ventricular Tachycardia degenerating into Ventricular Fibrillation
      2. Electromechanical Dissociation
      3. Bradycardic arrhythmias
  3. Epidemiology
    1. Incidence: 500,000 cases per year in United States
    2. Gender: Men account for 75% of cases
  4. Causes: Common
    1. Coronary Artery Disease (66% of cases)
    2. Cardiomyopathy with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
    3. Aortic Stenosis
    4. Electrolyte disturbance (especially drug induced)
    5. Viral Myocarditis
    6. Ventricular arrhythmias
  5. Causes: Uncommon
    1. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
    2. Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome (Brugada Syndrome)
    3. Anomalous Coronary Artery origin
    4. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
    5. Atrial myxoma
    6. Hepatic stenosis induced
    7. Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
    8. Third degree atrioventricular Heart Block
    9. Sick Sinus Syndrome
    10. Long QT Syndrome
  6. References
    1. Meyer (2003) Am Fam Physician 68(3):483-8
    2. Zipes (1998) Circulation 98(21): 2334-51

Sudden Cardiac Death (C0085298)

Definition (NCI) An unexpected cessation of life that cannot be attributed to a CTCAE term associated with Grade 5.
Definition (CSP) unexpected natural death due to cardiac causes that occur rapidly after the onset of acute symptoms in a patient with diagnosed or undiagnosed preexisting heart disease, in whom cardiac dysfunction produces abrupt loss of cerebral blood flow.
Definition (NCI) An unexpected natural death from a cardiac cause within a short time period, generally less than 1 hour from the onset of symptoms, in a person without any prior condition that would appear fatal. SCD is most likely to occur in a patient with an underlying cardiac abnormality, whether known or not; approximately 70% of SCDs are caused by coronary heart disease. A loss of heart function is often attributed to a cardiac arrhythmia, but classifications based on clinical circumstances cannot be considered definitive.
Definition (MSH) Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)
Concepts Pathologic Function (T046)
MSH D016757
SnomedCT 95281009
English Cardiac Death, Sudden, Cardiac Sudden Death, Death, Cardiac Sudden, Death, Sudden Cardiac, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Sudden Death, Cardiac, Sudden Cardiac Death, SCD, SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH, sudden cardiac death (diagnosis), sudden cardiac death, sudden/instantaneous cardiac death, Sudden death NOS, CARDIAC DEATH, SUDDEN, DEATH, SUDDEN CARDIAC, Death, Sudden, Cardiac [Disease/Finding], cardiac sudden death, cardiac death sudden, death sudden cardiac, sudden death cardiac, Sudden cardiac death, Sudden cardiac death (disorder), cardiac death; sudden, sudden; cardiac death
Japanese 心突然死, ｼﾝﾄﾂｾﾞﾝｼ, 急性心臓死, 突然死-心臓, 心臓急死, 心臓性突然死, 心臓突然死
Swedish Plötslig hjärtdöd
Czech smrt náhlá srdeční, Náhlá srdeční smrt
Finnish Sydänperäinen äkkikuolema
Russian SMERT' VNEZAPNAIA SERDECHNAIA, SERDECHNAIA PATOLOGIIA, SMERT' SKOROPOSTIZHNAIA, SKOROPOSTIZHNAIA SMERT' SERDECHNAIA, СЕРДЕЧНАЯ ПАТОЛОГИЯ, СМЕРТЬ СКОРОПОСТИЖНАЯ, СКОРОПОСТИЖНАЯ СМЕРТЬ СЕРДЕЧНАЯ, СМЕРТЬ ВНЕЗАПНАЯ СЕРДЕЧНАЯ
Spanish Muerte Cardíaca Súbita, Paro Cardíaco Súbito, Paro Cardiaco Subito, Muerte Cardiaca Subita, muerte súbita cardíaca (trastorno), muerte súbita cardíaca, Muerte cardiaca súbita, Muerte Súbita Cardíaca, Muerte Subita Cardiaca
Portuguese Parada Cardíaca Súbita, Morte Cardíaca Súbita, Morte cardíaca súbita, Morte Súbita Cardíaca
French Mort soudaine d'origine cardiaque, Mort soudaine par arrêt cardiaque, Mort subite cardiaque, Mort cardiaque subite, Mort subite d'origine cardiaque
Polish Nagła śmierć sercowa, Nagły zgon sercowy, Śmierć nagła sercowa, Zgon sercowy nagły
Hungarian Hirtelen szívhalál
Dutch hartdood; plots, plots; hartdood, plotse cardiale dood, Cardiale dood, plotselinge, Dood, plotselinge cardiale, Plotselinge cardiale dood
German ploetzlicher Herztod, Herztod, plötzlicher, Plötzlicher Herztod, Tod, plötzlicher Herz-
Italian Morte cardiaca improvvisa
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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