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Nightmare

Aka: Nightmare, Frightening Dream
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  1. See Also
    1. Sleep Stages
  2. Epidemiology
    1. More common in women
    2. Prevalence
      1. Children (ages 5 to 12 years): 20-39% within 1 week
      2. College Students: 47% within prior two weeks
      3. Adults in general: 5-8%
  3. Associated Conditions
    1. Insomnia
  4. Pathophysiology
    1. Most commonly associated with REM Sleep
  5. Symptoms
    1. Vivid, terrifying dreams
    2. Occur late in sleep (4 to 6 am)
    3. Sudden awakening from sleep
    4. Detailed recall of bizarre dream
    5. Difficulty returning to sleep after dream
  6. Differential Diagnosis and Causes
    1. See Medication Causes of Nightmares
    2. Night Terror (Children under age 8 years)
    3. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
    4. Depression
    5. Anxiety Disorder with Panic Attacks
    6. Schizophrenia
    7. Chemical Dependency with Drug Withdrawal
      1. Alcohol Abuse with withdrawal
      2. Benzodiazepine Abuse with withdrawal
      3. Barbiturate Abuse with withdrawal
    8. REM Behavior Disorder associated neurologic disorder
      1. Parkinson's Disease
      2. Narcolepsy
      3. Dementia
  7. Management
    1. See Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
    2. See Night Terrors for Management in Children
    3. REM Behavior Disorder
      1. Consider Clonazepam 0.5 to 1.0 mg qhs
    4. Recurrent Nightmares
      1. Behavioral therapy effective in 70% of patients
  8. References
    1. Pagel (2000) Am Fam Physician 61:2037-44
    2. Thiedke (2001) Am Fam Physician 63:277-84
    3. Wise (1997) Pediatr Ann 26:427-33
    4. Wood (1990) J Abnorm Psychol 99:64-8

Nightmares (C0028084)

Definition (NCI) A sleep disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of frightening dreams which precipitate awakenings from sleep; on awakening, the individual becomes fully alert and oriented and has detailed recall of the nightmare, which usually involves imminent danger or extreme embarrassment to the individual.
Concepts Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction (T048)
MSH D004325
ICD10 F51.5
SnomedCT 192459009, 111487009, 154927001, 268775007, 419145002
DSM4 307.47
English Dream anxiety disorder, Nightmare disorder, Dream anxiety disorder (Nightmare disorder), NIGHTMARES, Nightmare Disorder, PARONIRIA, Nightmare, NOS, nightmare, nightmares, nightmare disorder, nightmare disorder (diagnosis), dream anxiety disorders, nightmares (symptom), [X] Nightmares or dream anxiety disorder (disorder), Frightening dreams, Terrifying dreams, Paroniria, dream anxiety disorder, terrifying dreams, Nightmare, Dream anxiety disorder (disorder), [X] Nightmares or dream anxiety disorder, [X]Dream anxiety disorder, [X]Nightmares, Nightmares, Nightmares NOS, Nightmares (finding)
Portuguese PESADELOS, Sonhos aterradores, Paroniria, Perturbação onírica de ansiedade, Perturbação de pesadelo, Pesadelos, PARONIRIA, Pesadelo
Spanish PESADILLAS, pesadilla (hallazgo), pesadilla, Trastorno de ansiedad por los sueños, Sueños aterradores, Paroniria, Trastorno con pesadillas, Sueños terroríficos, [X] Nightmares or dream anxiety disorder, Nightmares, [X]Dream anxiety disorder, [X]Nightmares, Pesadillas, PARONIRIA, crisis de ansiedad del sueño (trastorno), crisis de ansiedad del sueño, pesadillas, trastorno por pesadillas, Pesadilla
Italian Incubo, Disturbo ansioso onirico, Incubi, Paroniria, Sogni terrificanti
Dutch nachtmerries en angstdromen, angstaanjagende dromen, nachtmerries, beangstigende dromen, nachtmerrie, Nachtmerries
French Rêves effrayants, Rêves terrifiants, Rêves angoissants, Paronirie, Cauchemars, CAUCHEMARS, PARONIRIE, Cauchemar
German furchterregende Traeume, Alptraeume, erschreckende Traeume, Schlafstoerung durch Angsttraeume, Schlafstoerung durch Alptraeume, Paroniria, Alpträume, ALPTRAEUME, ANGSTTRAEUME, Alptraeume [Angsttraeume], Alptraum
Japanese 悪夢, 夢不安障害, 悪夢障害, 恐い夢, 魔夢, ｱｸﾑ, ﾏﾑ, ﾕﾒﾌｱﾝｼｮｳｶﾞｲ, ｺﾜｲﾕﾒ, ｱｸﾑｼｮｳｶﾞｲ
Czech Noční můry, Porucha s nočními můrami, Děsivé sny, Porucha s úzkostnými sny, Hrozivé sny, Noční můra
Korean 악몽
Hungarian Rémálmok, Rémálom, Ijesztő álmok, Kóros álmodás, Szorongásos álom zavar, Rémálom betegség
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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