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SleepAka: Sleep Stage, REM Sleep, Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep

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  1. Physiology
    1. Sleep stages defined by Electroencephalogram changes
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Sleep cycles normalize after 6 months of age
    2. Amount of sleep per day
      1. Infants and children: 16 to 20 hours per day
      2. Young Adults: 7 to 8 hours per day
      3. Adults over age 60 years: 6.5 hours per day
  3. Stages: Light Sleep (Non-REM Sleep)
    1. Stage I of Sleep: Sleep Onset (Drowsy Phase)
      1. Lowest threshold for arousal
      2. Time spent in Stage I increases with age
        1. Accounts for more brief awakenings
        2. Accounts for fragmented sleep
    2. Stage II of Sleep: Light Sleep
  4. Stages: Deep Sleep or Delta Sleep (Non-REM Sleep)
    1. General (Stages 3 and 4)
      1. Deepest, most refreshing and restorative sleep type
      2. Diminishes with age
      3. Highest threshold for arousal
      4. Associated with diffuse dreams
        1. Dream about color or emotion
      5. Associated Conditions
        1. Night Terrors (Sleep Terrors)
        2. Sleep Walking
        3. Confusion on arousal
    2. Stage III of Sleep
    3. Stage IV of Sleep
  5. Stages: Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM Sleep)
    1. Timing
      1. REM occurs cyclically every 90 minutes of sleep
      2. Infants spend 50% of sleep time in REM Sleep
      3. Adults spend 20% of sleep time in REM Sleep
    2. Dream Characteristics
      1. Most recallable dreams during this stage
      2. Bizarre and detailed dreams during this stage
    3. Signs
      1. Suppressed voluntary motor activity ("paralyzed")
      2. Rapid eye movements
    4. Associated Sleep Conditions
      1. Nightmares and Frightening Dreams
      2. Sleep-related painful Erections
    5. Provocation of Medical Symptoms
      1. Coronary Artery Disease (Angina)
      2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Apnea)
      3. Peptic Ulcer Disease (Abdominal Pain)
      4. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Abdominal Pain)
      5. Migraine Headache or Cluster Headache
  6. References
    1. Pagel (2000) Am Fam Physician 61(7):2037
    2. Thiedke (2001) Am Fam Physician 63(2):277

Sleep Stages (C0037319)

Definition (MSH)Periods of sleep manifested by changes in EEG activity and certain behavioral correlates; includes Stage 1: sleep onset, drowsy sleep; Stage 2: light sleep; Stages 3 and 4: delta sleep, light sleep, deep sleep, telencephalic sleep.
ConceptsOrganism Function (T040)
MSHD012894
EnglishSleep Stage, Sleep Stages
Parent ConceptsSleep (C0037313)
SourcesMSH
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Sleep, REM (C0037322)

Definition (MSH)A stage of sleep characterized by rapid movements of the eye and low voltage fast pattern EEG. It is usually associated with dreaming.
Definition (CSP)stage of sleep characterized by rapid movements of the eye and low voltage fast pattern EEG; usually associated with dreaming.
ConceptsMental Process (T041)
MSHD012895
Englishactive eye movement sleep, Active sleep, Desynchronised sleep, Desynchronized sleep, dream sleep, Dreaming sleep, Fast Wave Sleep, Fast-Wave Sleep, Paradoxical Sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, REM sleep, Rhombencephalic Sleep
Spanishsueno activo, sueno de movimientos oculares rapidos, sueno de onda rapida, sueno desincronizado, sueno MOR, sueno paradojico, sueno REM
Parent ConceptsSleep (C0037313), Sleep Stages (C0037319)
SourcesAOD, CSP, MSH, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Sleep Disorders (C0851578)

Definition (MSH)Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)
Definition (CSP)conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors; divided into three major categories: dyssomnias (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), parasomnias (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders.
Definition (NCI)A change from the patient's baseline sleeping pattern, either an increase or a decrease in the number of hours slept. This can also refer to alterations in the stages of sleep.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD012893
EnglishDISORDER SLEEP, SLEEP DIS, Sleep disorder, Sleep Disorders, Sleep Disturbances, Sleep-wake disorder
Spanishtrastorno del sueno
Parent Concepts[X]Mental and behavioral disorders (C0556006), Signs and Symptoms (C0037088), Mental disorders (C0004936), Brain Diseases (C0006111), nervous system disorder (C0027765), Neurologic Manifestations (C0027854), cancer-related problem/condition (C0280950), Sleep disturbances (C0037317), Finding related to sleep (C1291739), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, LCH, MEDLINEPLUS, MSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, PDQ, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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