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Dapsone

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  1. Indication
    1. Second line Tuberculosis management agent
    2. Second line agent in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia
    3. First line in certain autoimmune bullous conditions
      1. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
      2. Linear IgA Dermatosis
      3. Chronic Bullous Disease of Childhood
  2. Dose
    1. Dapsone 100 mg per day
  3. Adverse Effects
    1. Hemoglobin decreased (1-2 grams)
    2. Reticulocytes increased (2-12%)
    3. Hemolysis in G6PD Deficiency
    4. Methemoglobinemia
    5. Peripheral Neuropathy (rare)
    6. Nausea or Vomiting
    7. Proteinuria or Albuminuria
    8. Nephrotic Syndrome
    9. Erythema Nodosum leprosum in Leprosy treatment (50%)
  4. Contraindications
    1. G6PD Deficiency
  5. Monitoring
    1. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (G6PD)
      1. Screen for before starting Dapsone
    2. Complete Blood Count
      1. Obtain baseline and monthly while on Dapsone

Dapsone (C0010980)

Definition (MSH)A sulfone active against a wide range of bacteria but mainly employed for its actions against MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to that of the SULFONAMIDES which involves inhibition of folic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms. It is also used with PYRIMETHAMINE in the treatment of malaria. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p157-8)
Definition (CSP)USP lists as a suppressant of dermatitis herpetiformis.
Definition (PDQ)A synthetic derivative of diamino-sulfone with anti-mycobacterial and anti-malarial properties. A structural analog of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), dapsone inhibits dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), an enzyme important in folate synthesis, resulting in a depletion of the folate pool and a reduction in the amount of thymidylate available for DNA synthesis. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=494629&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=494629&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C415" NCI Thesaurus)
Definition (NCI)A synthetic derivative of diamino-sulfone with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. As a structural analog of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), dapsone inhibits dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), an enzyme important in folate synthesis, resulting in a depletion of the folate pool and a reduction in the amount of thymidylate available for DNA synthesis. Although the exact mechanism through which dapsone exerts its anti-inflammatory activity has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent interferes with the activation and oxidative damage of myeloperoxidase in neutrophils and inhibits the integrin-mediated adherence and chemotaxis of neutrophils. Dapsone's anti-inflammatory activities may contribute to the effects seen upon topical administration.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
EnglishCroysulfone, DADPS, Dapsone, DAPSONE PREPARATION, DDS, Diaminodiphenylsulfone, Diaminodiphenylsulphone, Diaphenylsulfone, Diphenasone, Dumitone, Novophone, Sulfonyldianiline, Sulphadione
Spanishdapsona, diaminodifenilsulfona
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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