Otolaryngology Book

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Hairy TongueAka: Black Hairy Tongue, Furry Tongue, Black Tongue

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  1. Pathophysiology
    1. Hyperplasia of filiform papillae on dorsal Tongue
      1. Papillae may elongate to >1 cm (usually 1 mm)
    2. Response to poor Desquamation, excessive keratinization
  2. Risk Factors
    1. Tobacco Abuse
    2. Inadequate Oral Hygiene
    3. Oxidizing mouth wash use
    4. Overgrowth of oral fungus (Thrush)
      1. Aspergillus niger
      2. Candida albicans
    5. HIV Infection or other immunosuppression
    6. Epstein Barr Virus has been identified on biopsy
    7. May follow antibiotic therapy
  3. Symptoms
    1. Painless
    2. May cause gagging sensation or altered Taste Sensation
    3. Halitosis may occur from food accumulation
  4. Signs
    1. "Hair" of elongated papillae on Tongue dorsum
      1. Yellowish to brown or black coloration
      2. Velvety, or shaggy, asymptomatic keratoses
      3. Unable to wipe off Plaque
      4. Color altered by foods, Tobacco, coffee, tea
    2. Distribution
      1. Dorsal Tongue surface
  5. Management
    1. Improves with Tongue brushing with soft brush
    2. Avoid predisposing factors above

Hairy tongue (C0040414)

Definition (MSH)A benign condition of the tongue characterized by hypertrophy of the filiform papillae that give the dorsum of the tongue a furry appearance. The color of the elongated papillae varies from yellowish white to brown or black, depending upon staining by substances such as tobacco, food, or drugs. (Dorland, 27th ed)
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD014064
EnglishHairy tongue, Hairy Tongues, Overgrowth of filiform papillae, TONGUE HAIRY
Spanishhiperplasia de papila filiforme, lengua vellosa
Parent ConceptsTongue Diseases (C0040409), Non-Neoplastic Oral Cavity Disorder (C1335025)
SourcesCOSTAR, CST, MSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Black hairy tongue (C0235347)

ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9529.3
EnglishBlack hairy tongue, Black tongue, Lingua villosa nigra, Melanoglossia, TONGUE BLACK
Spanishlengua negra, lengua pilosa negra, lengua vellosa negra, melanoglosia
Parent ConceptsTongue Diseases (C0040409), Tongue papillary hypertrophy NOS (C0392494)
SourcesAOD, CST, MTH, MTHICD9, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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