Otolaryngology Book

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Tonsillitis

Aka: Tonsillitis
  1. Etiologies
    1. Viral
      1. Epstein-Barr Virus (Mononucleosis)
    2. Bacterial
      1. Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus
      2. Staphylococcus aureus
      3. Hemophilus Influenzae
  2. Symptoms
    1. Difficulty taking oral intake
    2. Difficulty swallowing secretions
    3. Otalgia (common innervation of ear and throat)
  3. Signs
    1. Febrile, appears ill
    2. Mucus membranes dry
    3. Tonsils enlarged, beefy red, exudate
    4. Tender cervical adenopathy
    5. Splenomegaly in Epstein-Barr Virus
  4. Labs: Epstein Barr Virus Infection
    1. Heterophil agglutination (Monospot Test)
    2. Liver Function Test Elevation
    3. Peripheral blood smear with Atypical lymphocytes
  5. Management
    1. SEE Pharyngitis for standard management
    2. Unresponsive to medications for Pharyngitis
      1. Obtain Throat Culture and Monospot
      2. Consider Clindamycin 300 mg PO qid
      3. Assess for Peritonsillar Abscess
      4. Assess for Laryngeal pathology
      5. Consider ENT referral
  6. Management: Tonsillectomy Indications
    1. Tonsillitis episodes 4 or more per year for 2 years
    2. Tonsillar size is not an indication for surgery
    3. Size diminishes naturally in early adolescence
  7. Prognosis: Following Tonsillectomy
    1. Reduces Pharyngitis frequency (esp. Streptococcus)
    2. Effect lasts 2-3 years after surgery

Tonsillitis (C0040425)

Definition (MSH) Inflammation of the tonsils, especially the PALATINE TONSILS but the ADENOIDS (pharyngeal tonsils) and lingual tonsils may also be involved. Tonsillitis usually is caused by bacterial infection. Tonsillitis may be acute, chronic, or recurrent.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D014069
SnomedCT 90176007, 195665006
English Tonsillitides, TONSILLITIS, Tonsillitis, NOS, Tonsillar inflammation, tonsillitis (diagnosis), tonsillitis, Tonsillitis NOS, Tonsillitis [Disease/Finding], tonsil inflammation, Inflammation;tonsils, inflammation tonsils, tonsils inflammation, Tonsillitis (disorder), inflammation; tonsil, tonsil; inflammation, Throat infection - tonsillitis, Tonsillitis, inflammation of the tonsils
French AMYGDALITE, Amygdalite SAI, Angine, Amygdalite, Inflammation des amygdales, Tonsillite
Portuguese AMIGDALITE, Inflamação amigdalina, Amigdalite NE, Angina Tonsilar, Tonsilite, Amigdalite
Spanish AMIGDALITIS, Inflamación tonsilar, Amigdalitis NEOM, Tonsillitis, tonsilitis, amigdalitis (trastorno), amigdalitis, Tonsilitis, Amigdalitis
German TONSILLITIS, Tonsillitis NNB, Mandelentzuendung, Tonsillitis, Gaumenmandelentzündung, Mandelentzündung
Dutch tonsillitis NAO, ontsteking van amandelen, ontsteking; tonsil, tonsil; ontsteking, tonsillitis, Tonsillitis
Italian Infiammazione tonsillare, Tonsillite NAS, Tonsillite
Japanese 扁桃の炎症, 扁桃炎, 扁桃炎ＮＯＳ, ﾍﾝﾄｳｴﾝNOS, ﾍﾝﾄｳｴﾝ, ﾍﾝﾄｳﾉｴﾝｼｮｳ
Swedish Halsfluss
Czech tonzilitida, angína, Zánět mandlí, Tonzilitida NOS, Tonzilitida
Finnish Tonsilliitti
Russian TONZILLIT, ТОНЗИЛЛИТ
Croatian TONZILITIS
Polish Zapalenie migdałków podniebiennych
Hungarian Mandulagyulladás, tonsillitis k.m.n., tonsillitis
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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