Body Piercing

Aka: Body Piercing, Nose Piercing, Nasal Piercing, Oral Piercing, Navel Piercing, Nipple Piercing, Genital Piercing

1. See Also
   1. Ear Piercing
2. Healing times for Body Piercing
   1. Piercings healing within 4-6 weeks
      1. Clitoris or labia minora
      2. Male Urethral meatus (Prince Albert)
      3. Tongue
   2. Piercings healing within 6-8 weeks
      1. Ear lobe or auricle
      2. Eyebrow
      3. Lip
      4. Male coronal ridge or edge of glans (dydoe)
   3. Piercings healing in 2-4 months
      1. Labia majora
      2. Nipple
      3. Scrotum (hafada)
   4. Piercings with healing delayed up to 9 months
      1. Glans penis (ampallang)
      2. Navel
3. Concerns applicable to all sites
   1. Risk of infection with piercing
      1. Most piercings are done under non-clean conditions
         1. Skin is not cleaned or prepped prior to piercing
         2. Many piercing guns are not sterilized between uses
      2. General infection risks
         1. Tetanus
         2. Skin bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus)
      3. Blood bourne infection risks
         1. Hepatitis BVirus
         2. Hepatitis CVirus
         3. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
   2. Allergic Reaction to nickel
      1. Especially common in Atopic Patients
      2. Nickel may contaminate stainless steel or gold
      3. Even expensive jewelry may have nickel in stud, back
   3. Local trauma or irritation from jewelry
      1. Consider removing jewelry at bedtime
      2. Remove jewelry before contact sports
4. Oral Piercing
   1. Sites: Lips, cheeks, Tongue
   2. Complications (especially from Tongue placement)
      1. Edema or hematoma from placement
      2. Saliva may be affected (e.g. Drooling)
      3. May affect speech, taste or eating
      4. May chip teeth
   3. Concerns in health care
      1. May interfere with airway control (e.g. Intubation)
      2. Remove oral and nasal jewelry before surgery
      3. Risk of aspiration in emergency
5. Ear Piercing
   1. See Ear Piercing
6. Complications from other piercing sites
   1. Nasal Piercing
      1. Septal Hematoma and infection if cartilage pierced
      2. Perichondritis and necrosis (poor cosmetic outcome)
         1. Treat infections with Bactroban and fluoroquibolone
   2. Navel Piercing
      1. Local skin irritation
      2. Migration of jewelry to skin surface (scar risk)
      3. Higher complication rate in Obesity and pregnancy
   3. Nipple or Areola Piercing
      1. Risk of infection and abscess formation
      2. May interfere with Breast Feeding
   4. Female Genital Piercing
      1. Interferes with Condom and diaphragm use
      2. Risk of Keloids, infection and bleeding
   5. Male Genital Piercing
      1. Urethral stricture or blocked urine flow
      2. Priapism
      3. Foreskin may be caught retracted (paraphimosis)
7. References
   1. Koenig (1999) J Gen Intern Med 14:379-85
   2. Meltzer (2005) Am Fam Physician 72:2029-36