II. Definitions
- Femoral Retroversion
- External rotation of the femoral long shaft
III. Epidemiology
- Common disorder in newborn and non-ambulatory infants
IV. Pathophysiology
- Typically related to hip contracture from intrauterine positioning
V. Signs
- Feet externally rotated (Out-toeing)
- May be nearly 90 degrees (charlie chaplin walk)
- Hip internal rotation decreased
- Hip external rotation increased
VI. Imaging
VII. Differential Diagnosis: Other Causes of Femoral Retroversion with Later Onset
- Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (age > 8 years)
- Legg-Calve-Perthes (age 4 to 9 years)
- Leg Stress Fracture
VIII. Management
- Referral to pediatric orthopedics if persistent findings after age 3 years old
- Typical age of surgical corrective osteotomy (if persistent and significant) is 10 years old
IX. Course
- Typical improvement in the first year of walking
- Persistent findings after 3 years warrants investigation