Nail Abnormality

Aka: Nail Abnormality, Nail Disorder, Nail Disease, Nail Shape Abnormality, Nail-Related Growths, Tumors Under or Around the Nail, Nail Growth Abnormal, Nail Abnormalities, Anonychia, Onychodystrophy, Onychogryposis, Onychoschizia, Onychotillomania, Dystrophic Nail, Nail Dystrophy, Dystrophia Unguium

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II. Definitions

  1. Anonychia
    1. Absent nails
  2. Chromonychia (see Nail Discoloration)
    1. Color changes of nails
  3. Koilonychia
    1. Spoon-shaped nails
  4. Onychodystrophy
    1. Degenerative changes of nail
  5. Onychogryposis
    1. Hypertrophic shape changes of nail
  6. Onycholysis
    1. Loosening or detachment of nail from nail bed
  7. Onychomadesis
    1. Spontaneous separation from nail matrix
  8. Onychomycosis
    1. Fungal infections of the nail
  9. Onychophagia
    1. Nail biting
  10. Onychoschizia
    1. Splitting, horizontal layering of distal nail edge
  11. Onychotillomania
    1. Compulsive pulling or picking of nails
  12. Paronychia
    1. Inflammation of skin around nails

III. Findings: Nail Changes

  1. Nail Discoloration
  2. Nail Groove (Beau's Lines)
  3. Nail Pitting
  4. Muehrcke's Lines
  5. Terry's Nails
  6. Koilonychia
  7. Onycholysis
  8. Nail Clubbing
  9. Infection
    1. Onychomycosis
    2. Acute Paronychia
    3. Chronic Paronychia
  10. Trauma
    1. Nail Bed Laceration
    2. Subungual Hematoma
  11. Nail Telangiectasias
  12. Nail Splinter Hemorrhages
  13. Longitudinal striations or bands

IV. Findings: Growths under or around the nail

  1. Malignant Growths
    1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    2. Bowen's Disease
    3. Melanoma
  2. Benign Growths
    1. Digital Mucous Cyst
    2. Digital fibrokeratoma
    3. Exostosis
    4. Glomas tumor
    5. Keratocathoma
    6. Pyogenic Granuloma
    7. Tendon sheath giant cell tumor
    8. Periungual Wart

V. References

  1. Habif (1996) Clinical Dermatology, Mosby, p. 778-9
  2. Tully (2012) Am Fam Physician 85(8): 779-87 [PubMed]

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