Human Immunodeficiency Virus Book

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Abacavir

Aka: Abacavir, Ziagen
  1. See Also
    1. Anti-Retroviral Therapy
    2. Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
  2. Contraindications
    1. HLA-B*5701 positive state (screen in advance of starting) - associated with life-threatening hypersensitivity
  3. Mechanism
    1. Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
  4. Dosing
    1. Abacavir 300 mg PO bid
  5. Precautions
    1. Do not use in Asian patients unless they are negative for HLA-B1502
      1. Risk of Steven's Johnson: 5% if HLA-B1502 positive
      2. (2007) J Antimicrob Chemother 59(4):591-3
  6. Adverse Effects
    1. Hypersensitivity (3%)
      1. Associated with HLA-B*5701 positive state
      2. Mean onset 11 days after start
      3. Lethal reaction if restarted after reaction (50%)
      4. Never rechallenge Abacavir after reaction
    2. Cardiovascular risk
      1. Unclear association is being investigated
  7. Resources: Abacavir Hypersensitivity Registry
    1. Phone: 1-800-270-0425
  8. References
    1. (1998) Med Lett Drugs Ther 40(1041):115
    2. (2009) Treat Guidel Med Lett 7(78): 11-22
    3. Reust (2011) Am Fam Physician 83(12): 1443-51

Ziagen (C0724476)

Concepts Nucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH C106538
English Ziagen, GSK brand of abacavir sulfate, ziagen
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


abacavir (C0663655)

Definition (CSP) carbocyclic nucleoside with anti-HIV activity.
Definition (NCI) A synthetic carbocyclic nucleoside analog. In vivo, the activated triphosphate metabolite of abacavir is incorporated into the viral DNA instead of the natural substrate deoxyguanosine, thereby inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) and, so, the replication of the viral DNA and infectious viral particles. This agent decreases HIV viral loads, retards or prevents the damage to the immune system, and reduces the risk of developing AIDS.
Concepts Nucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH C106538
SnomedCT 391696008, 116084008, 387005008
English ABACAVIR, abacavir, Abacavir - chemical (substance), abacavir [Chemical/Ingredient], AVACAVIR, Abacavir (product), Abacavir (substance), Abacavir - chemical, Abacavir
Spanish Abacavir - chemical, abacavir (producto), abacavir (sustancia), abacavir
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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