Ophthalmology Book

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Corneal Disorders

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Pupil Disorders

Retinal Disorders

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Vision Disorders

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Pupil

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  1. Physiology
    1. Variable sized circular hole in pigmented iris
    2. Hole size controlled by 2 muscles
      1. Sphincter pupillae
        1. Circular muscle constricts pupil (Miosis)
        2. Parasympathetic from Edinger-Westphal near CN3
      2. Dilator pupillae
        1. Radial muscle dilates pupil (Mydriasis)
        2. Sympathetic via:
          1. Hypothalamus
          2. Ciliospinal center of Budge and Waller
  2. Pupil size changes
    1. Pupil constriction (Miosis)
    2. Pupil Dilation (Mydriasis)
  3. Pupil distortion
    1. Posterior synechiae
      1. Inflammatory adhesion between lens and iris
    2. Tear drop-shaped pupil
      1. Suggests Globe Rupture with iris prolapse
  4. Pupil fixed, mid-dilated, slightly irregular
    1. Acute Glaucoma
  5. Pupil Normal in
    1. Conjunctivitis
  6. Absent Pupillary Light Reflex
    1. Structural lesion
    2. Hypothermia
    3. Barbiturate or Opiate overdose

Pupil Disorders (C0034124)

Definition (MSH)Conditions which affect the structure or function of the pupil of the eye, including disorders of innervation to the pupillary constrictor or dilator muscles, and disorders of pupillary reflexes.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD011681
EnglishDisorder of pupil, PUPIL DIS, Pupil Disorder, Pupil Disorders, PUPILLARY DIS, PUPILLARY DISORDER, Pupillary Disorders
Spanishtrastorno pupilar
Parent ConceptsUveal Diseases (C0042161), Eye diseases (C0015397), Neurologic Manifestations (C0027854), Disorders of globe (C0270998), Pupil finding (C0423296)
SourcesCST, MSH, MTH, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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