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Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel BlockerAka: Amlodipine, Norvasc, Nimodipine
- Mechanism
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
- Nifedipine (Procardia) is prototype for class
- Contraindications
- Avoid in Diabetes Mellitus (may increase Proteinuria)
- Preparation: Nifedipine
- See Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Preparation: Amlodipine (Norvasc)
- Dosing
- 2.5-5mg PO qd (MAX 10mg qd)
- Advantages
- Does not exacerbate Left Ventricular Dysfunction
- Dosing
- Preparation: Nimodipine
- Indications: Counter Cerebral Vessel spasm
- Early Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Early Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
- Indications: Counter Cerebral Vessel spasm
- Adverse Effects: Peripheral Edema (Norvasc)
- Occurs more commonly in women
- Occurs more commonly on Norvasc doses >5 mg
- Adding ACE Inhibitor to regimen decreases edema
Nimodipine (C0028094) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure. |
| Definition (CSP) | 1,4 dihydropyridine; centrally acting calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of a wide range of disorders, including drug withdrawal, AIDS motor/cognitive disorder, and post cardiac surgery recovery. |
| Definition (NCI) | Belongs to a family of drugs called calcium channel blockers. It is being investigated for use with anticancer drugs to prevent or overcome drug resistance and improve response to chemotherapy. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A dihydropyridine derivative and an analogue of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in response to depolarization in smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and inducing vasodilatation. Nimodipine has a greater effect on cerebral arteries than on peripheral smooth muscle cells and myocardial cells, probably because this agent can cross the blood brain barrier due to its lipophilic nature. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors, and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=41210&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=41210&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C692" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Definition (NCI) | A dihydropyridine derivative and an analogue of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in response to depolarization in smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and inducing vasodilatation. Nimodipine has a greater effect on cerebral arteries than on peripheral smooth muscle cells and myocardial cells, probably because this agent can cross the blood brain barrier due to its lipophilic nature. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors, and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D009553 |
| English | NIMO, Nimodipine, NIMODIPINE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | nimodipina |
| Parent Concepts | Nicotinic Acids (C0028049), Calcium Channel Blockers (C0006684), Vasodilator Agents (C0042402), pyridine carboxylate (C0597330), Dihydropyridines (C0012315) |
| Sources | AOD, CSP, MSH, MTHFDA, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, PDQ, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Amlodipine (C0051696) | |
|---|---|
| Definition (MSH) | A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. |
| Definition (NCI) | A synthetic dihydropyridine and a calcium channel blocker with antihypertensive and antianginal properties. Amlodipine inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium ions into myocardial and peripheral vascular smooth muscle cells, thereby preventing vascular and myocardial contraction. This results in a dilatation of the main coronary and systemic arteries, decreases myocardial contractility, increases blood flow and oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue and decreases total peripheral resistance. This agent may also modulate multi-drug response (MDR) activity through inhibition of the p-glycoprotein efflux pump. |
| Definition (CSP) | long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker; it is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017311 |
| English | Amlodipine, Amlodipine - chemical, AMLODIPINE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | amlodipina |
| Parent Concepts | Antihypertensive Agents (C0003364), Dihydropyridines (C0012315), Calcium Channel Blockers (C0006684), [CV250] ANTIANGINALS (C0724739), Duplicate concept (C1274013) |
| Sources | CSP, LNC, MSH, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Norvasc (C0162712) | |
|---|---|
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D017311 |
| English | Amlor, Istin, Mack Brand of Amlodipine Besilate, Norvasc, Pfizer Brand of Amlodipine Besilate |
| Sources | CSP, MSH, MTH, RXNORM Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
