II. Causes: Organophosphate Poisoning

  1. Management: See Organophosphate Poisoning Management
  2. Mechanism
    1. Irreversibly inhibits Cholinesterase
    2. Results in Cholinergic Toxicity
  3. Pesticides
    1. Acephate (Orthene)
    2. Chlorphoxim (Baythion-C)
    3. Chlorpyrifos (Dursban, Lorsban)
    4. Diazinon
    5. Dimethoate (Cygon, Defend)
    6. Ethoprop (Mocap)
    7. Fenitrothion (Sumithion)
    8. Fenthion (Baytex)
    9. Malathion (Cythion)
    10. Naled (Dibrome)
    11. Terbufos (Counter)
  4. Other Organophosphate agents
    1. Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP)
      1. Used in hydraulic fluids, lubricants, plastics
      2. May contaminate foods and result in Neuropathy

III. Causes: Carbamate Poisoning

  1. Mechanism
    1. Reversible Cholinesterase inhibition
    2. Results in Cholinergic Toxicity
      1. Less severe toxicity than with Organophosphates
  2. Management
    1. Similar to Organophosphate Poisoning Management
    2. 2-PAMCl not indicated unless mixed exposure
  3. Pesticides
    1. Carbaryl (Sevin)
    2. Primicarb (Aphox, Rapid)
    3. Propoxur (Baygon)
    4. Timethacarb (Landrin)

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