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OrganophosphateAka: Organophosphate Poisoning, Carbamate

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  1. See Also
    1. Cholinergic Toxicity
    2. Pesticide
    3. Chemical Weapon
    4. Neurotoxin
  2. Organophosphates
    1. Management: See Organophosphate Poisoning Management
    2. Mechanism
      1. Irreversibly inhibits cholinesterase
      2. Results in Cholinergic Toxicity
    3. Pesticides
      1. Acephate (Orthene)
      2. Chlorphoxim (Baythion-C)
      3. Chlorpyrifos (Dursban, Lorsban)
      4. Diazinon
      5. Dimethoate (Cygon, Defend)
      6. Ethoprop (Mocap)
      7. Fenitrothion (Sumithion)
      8. Fenthion (Baytex)
      9. Malathion (Cythion)
      10. Naled (Dibrome)
      11. Terbufos (Counter)
    4. Other Organophosphate agents
      1. Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP)
        1. Used in hydraulic fluids, lubricants, plastics
        2. May contaminate foods and result in Neuropathy
  3. Carbamates
    1. Mechanism
      1. Reversible cholinesterase inhibition
      2. Results in Cholinergic Toxicity
        1. Less severe toxicity than with Organophosphates
    2. Management
      1. Similar to Organophosphate Poisoning Management
      2. 2-PAMCl not indicated unless mixed exposure
    3. Pesticides
      1. Carbaryl (Sevin)
      2. Primicarb (Aphox, Rapid)
      3. Propoxur (Baygon)
      4. Timethacarb (Landrin)

Carbamates (C0006948)

Definition (MSH)Salts or esters of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH, or of N-substituted carbamic acids: R2NC(=O)OR', (R' = hydrocarbyl or a cation). The esters are often called URETHANE or urethan, a usage that is strictly correct only for the ethyl esters. (From IUPAC [Internet]. International Union Of Pure And Applied Chemistry; c1995 [updated 2004 Jan 9; cited 2004 May 3]. Available from http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/class/oneN.html#35/).
Definition (CSP)carbamic acid, its salts or esters; contains the general formula NH2-COO-.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109)
Englishcarbamate, Carbamates
Spanishcarbamatos
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Phosphoric Acid Esters (C0031701)

Definition (MSH)Organic esters of phosphoric acid.
Definition (CSP)organic esters of phosphoric acid.
ConceptsOrganophosphorus Compound (T115)
EnglishOrganic phosphate, Organic Phosphates, Organophosphate, PHOSPHATES ORG, Phosphoric acid ester, Phosphoric Acid Esters, phosphoric ester
Spanishéster de ácido fosfórico, ester de acido fosforico
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Organophosphate poisoning (C0700359)

ConceptsInjury or Poisoning (T037)
EnglishOrganic phosphate poisoning, Organophosphate insecticide causing toxic effect, Organophosphate insecticide poisoning, Organophosphate poisoning, Organophosphate toxicity
Spanishintoxicación por fosfato orgánico, intoxicación por insecticida organofosforado, intoxicación por organofosforados, intoxicacion por fosfato organico, intoxicacion por insecticida organofosforado, intoxicacion por organofosforados
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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