Pulmonology Book

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Ethambutol

Aka: Ethambutol
  1. Background
    1. Drug resistance emerges rapidly
      1. Must be used with other antituberculous drugs
  2. Indications
    1. Multi-drug Tuberculosis Treatment regimen
  3. Dosing
    1. Adult: 15-25 mg/kg PO
    2. Pediatric: 15-25mg/kg PO
  4. Adverse Effects
    1. Decreased Visual Acuity
    2. Optic Neuritis
  5. Monitoring
    1. Baseline
      1. Serum Creatinine
      2. Visual acquity
      3. Color perception
    2. Periodic re-testing
      1. Visual acquity
      2. Color perception

Ethambutol (C0014964)

Definition (MSH) An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
Definition (CSP) antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus; it may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria.
Definition (NCI) An antibiotic with bacteriostatic, antimicrobial and antitubercular properties. Ethambutol interferes with the biosynthesis of arabinogalactan, a major polysaccharide of the mycobacterial cell wall. It inhibits the polymerization of cell wall arabinan of arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan by blocking arabinosyl transferases and induces the accumulation of D-arabinofuranosyl-P-decaprenol, an intermediate in arabinan biosynthesis. This results in halting bacterial growth.
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D004977
SnomedCT 24450004, 387129004
English Ethambutol, ethambutol, 1-Butanol, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyldiimino)bis-, (S-(R*,R*))-, Ethambutol [Chemical/Ingredient], Ethambutolol, Ethambutol (product), Ethambutol (substance), ETHAMBUTOL
Swedish Etambutol
Czech ethambutol
Finnish Etambutoli
Russian ETAMBUTOL, ЭТАМБУТОЛ
Japanese 塩酸エタンブトール, エタンブトール
Polish Etambutol
Spanish etambutol (producto), etambutol (sustancia), etambutol, Etambutol
French Éthambutol
German Ethambutol
Italian Etambutolo
Portuguese Etambutol
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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