Infectious Disease Book

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Second Generation Broad-spectrum CephalosporinsAka: Second Generation Cephalosporins, Cefuroxime, Loracarbef, Cefprozil, Lorabid, Cefzil, Ceftin

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  1. See Also
    1. Second Generation Anti-anaerobe Cephalosporins
  2. Coverage
    1. Gram Positive Cocci
    2. EKP Gram Negative Bacteria
    3. Gram Negative Coccobacilli
  3. Indications
    1. Respiratory tract infections
    2. Acute Sinusitis
    3. Otitis Media
  4. Preparations
    1. Loracarbef (Lorabid)
      1. Adult: 200 to 400 mg po bid
      2. Child
        1. Otitis Media: 30 mg/kg/day divided bid
        2. Other infections: 15 mg/kg/day divided bid
      3. Directions
        1. Take more than 1 hour before or 2 hours after food
    2. Cefprozil (Cefzil)
      1. Adult: 250 to 500 mg PO divided qd to bid
      2. Child
        1. Otitis Media: 15 mg/kg/dose PO bid
        2. Pharyngitis: 7.5 mg/kg/dose PO bid for 10 days
    3. Cefuroxime (Ceftin, Zinacef)
      1. Adult
        1. Parenteral: 750 to 1500 mg IM or IV every 8 hours
        2. Oral: 250 to 500 mg PO bid
      2. Child
        1. Parenteral: 50-100 mg/kg/day IV divided q6-8 hours
        2. Oral: 20-30 mg/kg/day PO divided bid
          1. Reported to have unpleasant taste
      3. Directions
        1. Take with food
    4. Cefaclor (Ceclor)
      1. Listed for historical reference only
      2. Risk of significant serum-sickness type reaction

Cefuroxime (C0007562)

Definition (MSH)Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHD002444
EnglishCefuroxime, CEFUROXIME PREPARATION, Cephuroxime
Spanishcefuroxima
Parent ConceptsCefotaxime (C0007554), Cephalosporins (C0007732), Second generation cephalosporin (C0304319)
SourcesLCH, LNC, MSH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


cefprozil (C0053882)

Definition (NCI)A semi-synthetic cephalosporin and a beta-lactam antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefprozil's effect is dependent on its binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Binding results in the inhibition of the transpeptidase enzymes, thereby preventing cross-linking of the pentaglycine bridge with the fourth residue of the pentapeptide and interrupting consequent synthesis of peptidoglycan chains. As a result, cefprozil inhibits bacterial septum and cell wall synthesis formation.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHC052018
Englishcefprozil, CEFPROZIL PREPARATION
Spanishcefprozil, cefprozilo
Parent ConceptsCephalosporins (C0007732), Second generation cephalosporin (C0304319), Unclassified Ingredients (C1372954)
SourcesLNC, MSH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


loracarbef (C0065295)

Definition (NCI)A semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived from cephasporium. The bactericidal activity of loracarbef results from the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis through interference with the cross-linking of peptidoglycan units. This results in a reduction of cell wall stability and causes cell lysis. Loracarbef is more active against a variety of gram-negative organisms but less active against gram-positive pathogens compared to first-generation agents.
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHC054920
EnglishCarbacefaclor, loracarbef, LORACARBEF PREPARATION, Loracarbef product
Spanishcarbacefaclor, loracarbef, producto con loracarbef
Parent ConceptsCephalosporins (C0007732), [AM130] BETA-LACTAMS ANTIMICROBIALS, OTHER (C0973478), Unclassified Ingredients (C1372954), Second generation cephalosporin (C0304319), carbacephems (C0054638)
SourcesLNC, MSH, MTHSPL, NCI, NDFRT, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Ceftin (C0719197)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHC040738
EnglishCeftin
SourcesMSH, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Lorabid (C0721422)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHC054920
EnglishLilly Brand of Loracarbef Monohydrate, Lorabid, Monarch Brand of Loracarbef Monohydrate
SourcesMSH, MTH, NCI, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Cefzil (C0728743)

ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195)
MSHC052018
EnglishBristol-Myers Squibb brand of cefprozil, Cefzil
SourcesMSH, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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