Hyoscyamine

Aka: Hyoscyamine, Levsin, Levbid, Anaspaz, Cystospaz, Hyospaz, Spacol, Spasdel, Symax

advertisement

II. Indications

  1. Bladder Spasm
  2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  3. Decrease gastrointestinal hypermotility
  4. Decrease gastric secretions

III. Contraindications

  1. Narrow Angle Glaucoma
  2. Obstructive Uropathy
  3. Paralytic Ileus
  4. Small Bowel Obstruction
  5. Toxic Megacolon
  6. Myasthenia Gravis
  7. Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

IV. Mechanism

  1. Hyoscyamine is an L-isomer of the belladonna alkaloid, Atropine
  2. Similar to Atropine, Hyoscyamine is an Anticholinergic Agent
    1. Non-selective, competitive Muscarinic Antagonist
  3. Inhibits at various sites
    1. Inhibits Bladder smooth Muscle Contraction
    2. Slows gastrointestinal motility and digestive enzyme secretion
    3. Decreases secretion of Saliva, sweat and Bronchial mucus

V. Medications

  1. Hyoscyamine 0.125 ODT (Anaspaz)
  2. Hyoscyamine 0.125 tablets (Levsin)
  3. Hyoscyamine 0.125 SL (Levsin-SL)
  4. Hyoscyamine 0.125 chewable
  5. Hyoscyamine 0.125/5ml elixir
  6. Hyoscyamine 0.125/ml drops
  7. Hyoscyamine 0.375 Extended Release (Levbid)

VI. Dosing: Adult (or age >12 years)

  1. Regular release
    1. Take 125 to 250 mcg (0.125 to 0.25 mg) orally (or sublingual) every 4 hours as needed
  2. Extended release (ER)
    1. Take 375 to 750 mcg (0.375 to 0.75 mg) orally every 12 hours
  3. Maximum
    1. Limit to 1500 mcg (1.5 mg) per day

VII. Dosing: Child

  1. Note that dosing is in mcg (not mg)
  2. Age <2 years: Dose up to every 4 hours as needed (maximum of 6 doses daily)
    1. Weight 2.3 kg: Give 12.5 mcg (or 3 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
    2. Weight 3.4 kg: Give 16.7 mcg (or 4 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
    3. Weight 5 kg: Give 20.8 mcg (or 5 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
    4. Weight 7 kg: Give 25 mcg (or 6 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
    5. Weight 10 kg: Give 32 mcg (or 8 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
    6. Weight 15 kg: Give 46 mcg (or 11 drops of 0.125 mg/ml)
  3. Age 2 to 12 years: Dose up to every 4 hours as needed (maximum 750 mcg/day)
    1. Weight 20 kg: Give 62.5 mcg orally every 4 hours as needed
    2. Weight 40 kg: Give 93.8 mcg orally every 4 hours as needed
    3. Weight 50 kg: Give 125 mcg orally every 4 hours as needed
  4. Age >12 years
    1. Use adult dosing

VIII. Adverse Effects

  1. See Anticholinergic Toxicity
  2. Somnolence
  3. Dizziness
  4. Xerostomia
  5. Urinary Retention
  6. Blurred Vision

IX. Safety

  1. Pregnancy Category C
  2. Unknown safety in Lactation

X. Resources

  1. Hyoscyamine (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=49fe1783-ab0c-4adb-869b-384121cf7f05

XI. References

  1. (2020) Med Lett Drugs Ther 62(1594): 41-58
  2. Hamilton (2020) Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia

Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)

These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Hyoscyamine." Click on the image (or right click) to open the source website in a new browser window. Search Bing for all related images

Related Studies

Cost: Medications

hyoscyamine (on 12/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing)
HYOSCYAMINE 0.125 MG ODT Generic $0.14 each
HYOSCYAMINE 0.125 MG TAB SL Generic $0.12 each
HYOSCYAMINE SULF 0.125 MG TAB Generic $0.14 each
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information. GoodRx is another tool for finding lower drug prices.

Related Topics in Pharmacology

advertisement