II. Pathophysiology
- Membrane bound hepatic cell marker
- Function
- Transfer of Amino Acids across the cellular membrane (via transfer of gamma glutamyl to Amino Acid)
- Glutathione (GSH, a antioxidant) synthesis and metabolism
- Abnormal Values
- GGT elevation suggests cholestasis
- Most sensitive, but least specific of all LFTs
- GGT is found in the liver, bile ducts and Kidney
III. Labs
- Normal: 0-30 U/L
IV. Causes: Increased (Elevation 3 times normal is significant)
- Chronic Alcoholic Hepatitis or other liver disease
- Liver neoplasm or metastases
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Cholestasis
- Pancreatic Carcinoma
- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
- Sepsis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Medications