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Cocaine Abuse in Pregnancy

See Also
Epidemiology: Cocaine use in Pregnancy (Minneapolis)
1. Public hospitals: 7.25%
2. Public/Private hospitals: 1%
3. Private hospitals: 0.5%
4. Lifetime use by survey: 14%
Fetal effects
1. Placental insufficiency from vasoconstriction
2. Vascular accidents (in utero)
  1. Intracranial Hemorrhage
  2. Myelomeningocele
  3. Genitourinary anomaly
  4. Limb reduction anomaly
  5. Intestinal or Ileal atresia
  6. Gastroschisis
Perinatal effects
1. Preterm Labor and delivery
  1. Increases Uterine Contractions
  2. Risk of Illness associated with preterm delivery
    1. Necrotizing Enterocolitis
    2. Respiratory Distress Syndrome
2. Intrauterine Growth Retardation
3. Spontaneous Abortion
4. Placental Abruption
5. Placental insufficiency
6. Premature Rupture of Membranes
7. Intrauterine death
8. Precipitous delivery
Neonatal effects
1. Abnormal growth patterns
2. Neurobehavioral abnormalities
3. Impaired regulation of respiration and arousal
  1. Higher Incidence of SIDS Deaths
4. Adverse Effects of preterm birth
Management
1. See Substance Abuse in Pregnancy

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This page was written by Scott Moses, MD. This page was last revised before 5/10/08, prior to consistent tracking of revision date. This page was last published on 6/1/2008. Please send comments and questions to the editor. Contact information may be found on the page About the Family Practice Notebook. These pages are best viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0.