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Aphasia

Aka: Aphasia
  1. Definition
    1. Communication disorder
      1. Defect in expressing speech, writing or signs
      2. Defect in understanding speech or writing
    2. Results from CNS Disease
  2. Testing
    1. Naming, fluency, follow commands
    2. Repeating words
      1. No ifs, ands, or buts
      2. Thing
      3. It
    3. Observe for repetition
      1. Circumlocutory
      2. Echolalia
      3. Palilalia

Aphasia (C0003537)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Aphasia is a disorder caused by damage to the parts of the brain that control language. It can make it hard for you to read, write and say what you mean to say. It is most common in adults who have had a stroke. Brain tumors, infections, injuries and dementia can also cause it. The type of problem you have and how bad it is depends on which part of your brain is damaged and how much damage there is.

There are four main types:

  • Expressive aphasia – you know what you want to say, but you have trouble saying or writing what you mean
  • Receptive aphasia – you hear the voice or see the print, but you can't make sense of the words
  • Anomic aphasia – you have trouble using the correct word for objects, places or events
  • Global aphasia – you can't speak, understand speech, read or write

Some people recover from aphasia without treatment. Most, however, need language therapy as soon as possible.

NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Definition (MSH) A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form. This condition is caused by diseases which affect the language areas of the dominant hemisphere. Clinical features are used to classify the various subtypes of this condition. General categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of aphasia.
Definition (PSY) Partial or complete impairment of language comprehension, formulation, or use due to brain damage.
Definition (CSP) cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form; caused by diseases which affect the language areas of the dominant hemisphere; general categories include receptive, expressive, and mixed forms of aphasia.
Concepts Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction (T048)
MSH D001037
ICD9 784.3
ICD10 R47.01
SnomedCT 206967005, 158305006, 87486003
English Aphasia, APHASIA, APHASIAS, Aphasia, NOS, Aphasic disturbance, NOS, [D]Aphasia, [D]Aphasia (context-dependent category), Aphasia Syndromes, Aphasia syndrome, A60-A63 APHASIAS, [D]Aphasia (situation), Alogias, Alogia, Anepias, Anepia, Logagnosias, Logagnosia, Logamnesias, Logamnesia, Logasthenias, Logasthenia, Aphasia [Disease/Finding], inability to understand or express language, alogia, Loss of power of expression or comprehension, Aphasia (finding), Aphasic disturbance, aphasia
French APHASIE, Aphasie, Alogie, Logagnosie
Portuguese AFASIA, Afasia
Spanish AFASIA, [D]afasia (categoría dependiente del contexto), [D]Aphasia, [D]afasia, [D]afasia (situación), afasia (hallazgo), afasia, perturbación afásica, pérdida del poder de expresión o comprensión, Afasia
German APHASIE, Aphasie, Aphemie
Swedish Afasi
Japanese シツゴショウ, 失語症-後天性, 失語性言語障害, 失語, 失語症, 後天性失語症
Czech afázie, Afázie
Finnish Afasia
Italian Anepia, Logagnosia, Logamnesia, Logastenia, Alogia, Afasia
Russian AFAZIIA, AFAZIIA PRIOBRETENNAIA, DISFAZIIA, AFAZIIA DETSKAIA, АФАЗИЯ, АФАЗИЯ ДЕТСКАЯ, АФАЗИЯ ПРИОБРЕТЕННАЯ, ДИСФАЗИЯ
Croatian AFAZIJA
Polish Afazja
Hungarian Aphasia
Dutch afasie, Afasie
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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