Ophthalmology Book

Traumatic Injury

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Eye Injury in SportsAka: Sports Related Eye Injury

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  1. See Also
    1. Eye Injury
    2. Eye Tray
    3. Eye Protection
  2. Sports with high risk of Eye Injury
    1. Basketball (most common cause Eye Injury ages 15-64)
    2. Baseball (most common cause Eye Injury age <15 years)
    3. Water polo
    4. Hockey
    5. Football
    6. Fencing
    7. Wrestling
    8. Racquet sports
      1. Squash (ball speed 140 MPH)
      2. Badminton (ball speed 135 MPH)
      3. Racquetball and Tennis (ball speed 110 MPH)
  3. Sports with low risk of Eye Injury
    1. Track and field
    2. Swimming
    3. Gymnastics
    4. Cycling
  4. Types of Eye Injury in sports
    1. Blunt Eye Trauma
      1. Orbital blowout Fracture
      2. Lid Contusions
      3. Ruptured Globe
      4. Hyphema
      5. Retinal tear or detachment
      6. Retinal or Vitreous Hemorrhage
    2. Penetrating injury
      1. Broken eyeglasses
      2. Fish hook injury
      3. Finger injury to medial canthus (Canalicular injury)
    3. Radiation injury: UV Keratitis
      1. Seen in snow skiing and water skiing
  5. Exam
    1. See Eye Injury
  6. Prevention
    1. See Sports Eye Protection
  7. Guidelines for sports participation of monocular athletes
    1. Monocular criteria: Best corrected acuity <20/40
    2. Sports Eye Protection always required
    3. Sports that are contraindicated for monocular athletes
      1. Boxing
      2. Wrestling
      3. Full-contact martial arts
  8. Criteria for return to play following severe Eye Injury
    1. Requires ophthalmology exam and clearance
    2. Eye must be pain free with return of Visual Acuity
    3. Eye Protection required
    4. No ocular anesthetics may be used to return to play
  9. References
    1. Catalano (1993) Pediatr Clin North Am 40:827
    2. Napier (1996) Surv Ophthalmol 41:229
    3. Rodriguez (2003) Am Fam Physician 67(7):1481

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