Ophthalmology Book

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  • Visual Acuity

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Visual AcuityAka: Vision Screening

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  1. See Also
    1. Refractive Error
  2. Distance Vision
    1. Vision with each eye individually and together
    2. Appropriate chart (usually 10 foot distance to chart)
      1. Snellen Letters (6 years and older, adults)
      2. Snellen Numbers (Non-english speaking or illiterate)
      3. Tumbling E (Children ages 3 to 5 years)
      4. HOTV (Children ages 3 to 5 years)
      5. Picture Tests (Childen ages 3 to 5 years)
    3. Myopia suggested if Vision improves with pinhole
    4. If vision less than 20/200, assess best vision with:
      1. Finger Counting (CF) at 1 foot and at 6 inches
      2. Hand Movements (HM)
      3. Light perception (LP)
      4. No light perception (NLP): total blindness
    5. Referral to optometry indications for children
      1. Age 3-5: Either eye worse than 10/20 or 20/40
      2. Age >5: Either eye worse than 10/15 or 20/30
      3. Two line difference between eyes
        1. Example: OD 20/25 and OS 20/40
      4. Reference
        1. (2003) Pediatrics 111:903
  3. Near Vision
    1. Not generally screened
    2. Presbyopia occurs after age 40 years
  4. Refraction
    1. Performed by Optometry or Ophthalmology
    2. Measures optical error of eyes to prepare lenses

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