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QuinidineAka: Quinaglute
- Indications
- Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion
- Time to Cardioversion: 3-6h
- Conversion Rate: 38-86%
- Chronic Efficacy: 47-60%
- Mechanism
- Class Ia Antiarrhythmic
- Dosing
- Dose: 324-648 mg PO q8h
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| Definition (MSH) | An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular action potential, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission. |
| Definition (CSP) | D isomer of quinine; sometimes used as an antimalarial in patients who cannot tolerate quinine. |
| Definition (PDQ) | An alkaloid extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree with class 1A antiarrhythmic and antimalarial effects. Quinidine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by binding to and inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the sodium influx required for the initiation and conduction of impulses resulting in an increase of the threshold for excitation and decreased depolarization during phase 0 of the action potential. In addition, the effective refractory period (ERP), action potential duration (APD), and ERP/APD ratios are increased, resulting in decreased conduction velocity of nerve impulses. Quinidine exerts its antimalarial activity by acting primarily as an intra-erythrocytic schizonticide through association with the heme polymer (hemazoin) in the acidic food vacuole of the parasite thereby preventing further polymerization by heme polymerase enzyme. This results in accumulation of toxic heme and death of the parasite. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39022&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39022&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C793" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Definition (NCI) | An alkaloid extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree with class 1A antiarrhythmic and antimalarial effects. Quinidine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by binding to and inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the sodium influx required for the initiation and conduction of impulses resulting in an increase of the threshold for excitation and decreased depolarization during phase 0 of the action potential. In addition, the effective refractory period (ERP), action potential duration (APD), and ERP/APD ratios are increased, resulting in decreased conduction velocity of nerve impulses. Quinidine exerts its antimalarial activity by acting primarily as an intra-erythrocytic schizonticide through association with the heme polymer (hemazoin) in the acidic food vacuole of the parasite thereby preventing further polymerization by heme polymerase enzyme. This results in accumulation of toxic heme and death of the parasite. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
, Biologically Active Substance (T123)
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| English | Chinidin, Quinidine, QUINIDINE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | quinidina |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Berlex brand of quinidine gluconate, Quinaglute |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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