II. Pathophysiology
- Communication between Bronchus and pleural cavity
III. Causes
- Empyema draining through Bronchus
- Lung Abscess invading pleural cavity
IV. Symptoms
- Chronic productive cough
- Large volume Purulent Sputum
V. Signs
- Absent breath sounds on affected side
- Tympanic changes on affected side
- Dullness to percussion at lung base (Hydrothorax)
- Hyperresonant above dull area (Pneumothorax)
- Coin Test
- Succussion Splash
VI. Diagnosis
- Methylene blue injected into pleural cavity
- Appears in Sputum
VII. Radiology: Chest XRay
- Hydropneumothorax