II. Indications

  1. Staphylococcus Infection
    1. Staphylococcus aureus
    2. Staphylococcus epidermidis
  2. Specific Infections
    1. Skin Infection
    2. Soft tissue infection
    3. Lymphatic infection
    4. Bone Infection
    5. Joint infection

III. Mechanism

  1. Same action to Natural Penicillins
  2. Prevents Penicillinase hydrolysis of Beta lactam ring

IV. Mechanism: Bacterial Resistance mechanisms

  1. Alteration of Bacterial cell wall

V. Mechanism: Activity Spectrum

  1. Same as for Natural Penicillins

VI. Preparations: Oral

  1. Directions
    1. Take on an empty Stomach
    2. Take more than 1 hour before or two hours after food
  2. Cloxacillin (Cloxapen) 250-500 mg PO qid
  3. Dicloxacillin (Dynapen)
    1. Adult: 125 to 500 mg PO qid
    2. Child: 12.5 to 25 mg/kg/day PO divided qid

VII. Preparations: Parenteral

  1. Methicillin (Staphcillin)
  2. Nafcillin (Nafcil, Unipen)
    1. Adult: 1 to 2 grams IM or IV every 4 hours
    2. Child: 50 to 200 mg/kg/day divided every 4 to 6 hours
  3. Oxacillin (Bactocill)
    1. Adult: 1 to 2 grams IM or IV every 4 to 6 hours

VIII. Adverse effects

  1. Nephritis (Methicillin)
  2. Venous inflammation (Nafcillin)

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Related Studies

Cost: Medications

dicloxacillin (on 11/23/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing)
DICLOXACILLIN 250 MG CAPSULE Generic $0.43 each
DICLOXACILLIN 500 MG CAPSULE Generic $1.01 each