II. Epidemiology

  1. Normal variant in 90% of black patients
  2. Uncommon in lighter skinned patients

III. Signs

  1. Hyperpigmented longitudinal band (brown, black or tan coloration)
  2. Nonblanchable
  3. Typically spans the entire length of nail
  4. May affect one or multiple nails

IV. Risk Factors

  1. Most common in black patients
  2. See Hyperpigmentation

V. Differential Diagnosis

  1. See Melanonychia
  2. See Nail Longitudinal Band
  3. Nail Splinter Hemorrhage
    1. Do not span the entire longitudinal length of the nail bed
  4. Subungual Melanoma (50% of Melanomas in dark skinned patients)
    1. Critical to distinguish from the benign vertical nail bands
    2. Most commonly affects the great toe or thumb
    3. Bands are typically wider than 3 mm

VI. Evaluation

  1. Biopsy suspicious Longitudinal Melanonychia

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