Heart Valve Disorder

Aka: Heart Valve Disorder, Heart Valve Disease, Acute Valvular Dysfunction, Acute Valvular Disorder

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II. Causes

  1. Acute Valvular Dysfunction
    1. Aortic Stenosis
    2. Acute Mitral Valve Regurgitation (i.e. acute MI with papillary Muscle rupture)
    3. Prosthetic Heart Valve complication (e.g. Thromboembolism, valvular obstruction)
    4. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (esp. young patients)
  2. Chronic Valvular Dysfunction
    1. Aortic Stenosis
    2. Aortic Regurgitation (Aortic Insufficiency)
    3. Mitral Stenosis
    4. Mitral Regurgitation
    5. Mitral Valve Prolapse
  3. Congenital Disorders
    1. See Congenital Heart Disease

III. Symptoms: Presentations

  1. Dyspnea (most common)
  2. Syncope
  3. Angina

IV. Exam

  1. See Heart Auscultation
  2. See Heart Murmur
  3. See Pediatric Murmur
  4. Precautions
    1. Lack of cardiac murmur has an 88% Negative Predictive Value for significant valvular disease
    2. Exam is otherwise unreliable in detecting valvular heart disease (compared with Echocardiography)
      1. Test Sensitivity: 44%
      2. Test Specificity: 69%
    3. References
      1. Gardezi (2018) Heart 104(22): 1832-35 [PubMed]

V. Imaging

  1. See Transthoracic Echocardiogram

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Related Studies

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