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Cyanotic Breath Holding SpellAka: Cyanotic Spell

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  1. See Also
    1. Breath Holding Spell
    2. Pallid Spell
    3. Pediatric Spell
  2. Epidemiology
    1. More common Breath Holding Spell than Pallid Spell
    2. Episode onset after age 6 months, resolve by 5 years
  3. Triggers
    1. Occurs following a stressor such as scolding
  4. Course
    1. Initial: Brief, shrill cry
    2. Next: Forced expiration and apnea ensues
    3. Next: Cyanosis and loss of consciousness
    4. Variable: Clonic movements may occur
  5. Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential
    1. See Breath Holding Spell
  6. Management
    1. See Breath Holding Spell

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