Neurology Book

Miscellaneous

Examination Chapter related topics

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

SyringomyeliaAka: Syringobulbia, Syringohydromyelia, Syrinx

Advertisement

  1. Definition
    1. Chronic progressive spinal cord degeneration
    2. Syringe
      1. Fluid-filled cavity
    3. Syringomyelia or Syrinx
      1. Syringe forms at inner portion of spinal cord
    4. Syringobulbia
      1. Syringomyelia extending into brainstem
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Symptom onset in second and third decade
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Results from alterations in CSF flow
    2. Cervical spinal cord most often affected
  4. Causes
    1. Chiari I Malformation (accounts for 90% of cases)
    2. Foramen magnum narrowing
    3. Achondroplasia
    4. Intraspinal tumors
    5. Subarachnoid scarring
      1. Traumatic spine injury or hemorrhage
      2. Spinal Infection
  5. Symptoms and signs
    1. Sensory dissociation in neck, arms and upper trunk
      1. Touch and position sense preserved
      2. Pain and temperature sense lost
    2. Anterior horn cell involvement
      1. Upper extremity changes
        1. Asymmetric muscle atrophy, weakness of hands, arms
        2. Fasciculations
        3. Deep Tendon Reflexes absent in upper extremities
      2. Lower extremity
        1. Increased muscle tone
        2. Hyperactive Deep Tendon Reflexes
    3. Corticospinal tract involvement
      1. Muscle spasticity
    4. Spinal sympathetic fiber involvement
      1. Trophic changes
  6. Associated conditions: Spinal cord disorders
    1. Scoliosis
    2. Vertebral fusions
    3. Platybasia
  7. Diagnosis
    1. MRI Spine
      1. Defines extent of syrinx
    2. Electromyography (EMG)
      1. Denervation
    3. Lumbar Puncture
      1. CSF usually normal
    4. Nerve conduction
      1. Normal
  8. Management
    1. Treat underlying cause (e.g. Chiari Malformation)
  9. Patient Resources
    1. American Syringomyelia Alliance Project
      1. http://www.asap.org
      2. Phone: 1-800-272-7282
      3. Address: P.O. Box 1586, Longview, Texas, 75606
  10. References
    1. Girolami in Cotran (1999) Robbins Pathology, P. 1361
    2. Barkovich in Goldman (2000) Cecil Medicine, p. 2077

Syringes (C0039142)

Definition (MSH)Instruments used for injecting or withdrawing fluids. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Definition (NCI)A device for the administration of parenteral drug products that consists of a rigid barrel fitted with septum with a plunger at one end and a seal or needle at the other end. The needle assembly may be part of the device or separate.
Definition (NCI)A device for the administration of parenteral drug products that consists of a rigid barrel fitted with septum with a plunger at one end and a seal or needle at the other end. The needle assembly may be part of the device or separate.
ConceptsMedical Device (T074)
MSHD013594
EnglishSYR, Syringe, Syringe - instrument, Syringes
Spanishjeringa, jeringa - instrumento
Parent ConceptsEquipment and Supplies (C0014674), Package Type (C1707822), Medical Devices (C0025080), Duplicate concept (C1274013), Clinical appliance (C1542418)
SourcesLCH, MSH, MTH, NCI, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, VANDF
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Syringomyelia (C0039144)

Definition (MSH)Longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord, most often in the cervical region, which may extend for multiple spinal levels. The cavities are lined by dense, gliogenous tissue and may be associated with SPINAL CORD NEOPLASMS; spinal cord traumatic injuries; and vascular malformations. Syringomyelia is marked clinically by pain and PARESTHESIA, muscular atrophy of the hands, and analgesia with thermoanesthesia of the hands and arms, but with the tactile sense preserved (sensory dissociation). Lower extremity spasticity and incontinence may also develop. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1269)
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD013595
EnglishMyelosyringoses, Myelosyringosis, Syringomyelia, Syringomyelia-anaesthesia syndrome, Syringomyelia-anesthesia syndrome, Syringomyelias, Syringomyelus
Spanishmielosiringosis, sindrome de anestesia - siringomielia, siringomielia
Parent ConceptsSpinal Cord Diseases (C0037928)
SourcesCOSTAR, CSP, DXP, LCH, MEDLINEPLUS, MSH, MTH, NDFRT, OMIM, QMR, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Syringobulbia (C0270771)

ConceptsCongenital Abnormality (T019) , Disease or Syndrome (T047)
EnglishSyringobulbia
Spanishsiringobulbia
Parent ConceptsBrain stem disorder (C0151532), Congenital neurologic anomalies (C0497552), Congenital anomaly of brain (C0266449)
SourcesMTH, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



Navigation Tree