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Cranial Nerve 12

Aka: Cranial Nerve 12, Cranial Nerve XII, Hypoglossal Nerve, CN 12
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  1. See Also
    1. Cranial Nerve
    2. Neuroanatomy
    3. Head and Neck Neuroanatomy
    4. Tongue Anatomy
  2. Anatomy
    1. neuroCn12HypoglossalGrayBB795.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  3. Course
    1. Arises in Medulla
    2. Passes through hypoglossal canal beside foramen magnum
    3. Courses downward with neurovascular structures
      1. Internal Carotid Artery
      2. Jugular Vein
      3. Vagus Nerve
    4. Curves forward behind Mandible to lingual root
  4. Physiology
    1. Motor Nerve to the Tongue
  5. Exam
    1. Patient protrudes Tongue in midline
      1. Unilateral paralysis causes deviation to weak side
      2. Observe for Tremor, atrophy, fasciculations
    2. Test lingual speech, by having patient say:
      1. "Round the rugged rock the ragged rascal ran"
      2. "Third riding artillery brigade"

Hypoglossal nerve structure (C0020614)

Definition (MSH) The 12th cranial nerve. The hypoglossal nerve originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus). This nerve also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles.
Definition (CSP) twelfth cranial nerve; originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus); also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles.
Concepts Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
MSH D007002
SnomedCT 37899009
English Hypoglossal Nerve, Hypoglossal Nerves, Nerve, Hypoglossal, Nerves, Hypoglossal, Hypoglossal nerve, NOS, hypoglossal nerve, Cranial Nerve XII, Cranial Nerve, Twelfth, Cranial Nerves, Twelfth, Nerve XII, Cranial, Nerve, Twelfth Cranial, Nerves, Twelfth Cranial, Nervus hypoglossus, Twelfth Cranial Nerve, Twelfth Cranial Nerves, XII, Cranial Nerve, cranial nerve XII, Nervus hypoglossus [XII], Hypoglossal nerve tree, Hypoglossal nerve [XII], twelfth cranial nerve, Nervi hypoglossalis, Nerve XII, cranial xii nerve, nerve xii, cranial nerve xii, Nerve XIIs, Cranial, XIIs, Cranial Nerve, Cranial Nerve XIIs, Twelfth cranial nerve, Hypoglossal nerve, Cranial nerve XII, Hypoglossal nerve (XII), Hypoglossal nerve structure (body structure), Hypoglossal nerve structure
French Nerf hypoglosse, Nerf crânien 12, Nerf grand hypoglosse, Douzième paire crânienne, Douzième nerf crânien, Nerf crânien XII
Swedish 12:e kranialnerven
Czech nervus hypoglossus
Finnish Kielen liikehermo
Russian 12-I CHEREPNOMOZGOVOI NERV, POD"IAZYCHNYI NERV, 12-Й ЧЕРЕПНОМОЗГОВОЙ НЕРВ, ПОДЪЯЗЫЧНЫЙ НЕРВ
Japanese 舌下神経, 第12脳神経
German ZWÖLFTER HIRNNERV, Hirnnerv XII, Nervus hypoglossus, XII. Hirnnerv
Italian Nervo cranico XII, Dodicesimo nervo cranico, Nervo ipoglosso
Latvian Zemmēles nervs
Polish Nerw XII, Nerw podjęzykowy
Spanish XII par craneal, duodécimo nervio craneal, duodécimo par craneal, duodécimo par craneano, estructura del nervio hipogloso (estructura corporal), estructura del nervio hipogloso, nervio craneal XII, nervio hipogloso (XII), nervio hipogloso, Doceavo Nervio Craneal, Nervio Craneal XII, Nervio Hipogloso, XII Nervio Craneal, XII Par Craneal
Dutch Nervus hypoglossus, XIIe hersenzenuw
Portuguese Décimo Segundo Nervo Craniano, Nervo Craniano XII, Nervo Hipoglosso, XII Nervo Craniano, XII Par Craniano
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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