Gastroenterology Book

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Water Disinfection

Aka: Water Disinfection, Waterborne Illness Prevention, Prevention of Waterborne Illness, Water Filtration, Halogenation
  1. See Also
    1. Waterborne Illness
    2. Prevention of Foodborne Illness
  2. Boiling
    1. Water sterilized at onset of boiling
  3. Pasteurization
    1. Cleans, but does not sterilize water
      1. Six log reduction in organisms
    2. Protocols
      1. Heat at 185 degrees F for 20 seconds
      2. Heat at 145 degrees F for 30 minutes
  4. Filtration
    1. Pore size dependent
    2. Agent dependent
      1. Bacteria <.2 micron
      2. Cryptosporidium < 1 micron
      3. Virus particles (as small as .0004 micron)
    3. Avoid sediment
      1. Clogs filters, harbors organisms
      2. Technique 1 to clear sediment
        1. Allow water to sit so sediment can settle
        2. Pull water off top into filter
      3. Technique 2 to clear sediment
        1. Run water through coffee filter first
  5. Halogenation with Chlorine or Iodine
    1. Chlorine contact time (assumes standard pH and Temp)
      1. Escherichia coli: 0.016 ppm Minute
      2. Enteric virus: 4 ppm Minute
      3. Giardia lamblia: 150 ppm Minute
      4. Cryptosporidium: 9600 ppm Minute
    2. Tincture of Iodine (5-10 drops added to quart water)
      1. Indicated for high organic solute load in water

Halogenation (C0259913)

Definition (CSP) incorporation or addition of a halogen in a compound.
Definition (MSH) Covalent attachment of HALOGENS to other compounds.
Concepts Phenomenon or Process (T067)
MSH D054879
English halogenation, Halogenation
Portuguese Halogenação, Fluoração da Água, Desfluoração
Spanish Halogenación, Halogenacion, Yoduración, Yoduracion
Finnish Halogenaatio
French Halogénation
German Halogenierung
Italian Alogenazione
Russian БРОМИРОВАНИЕ, GALOGENIROVANIE, ИОДИРОВАНИЕ, KHLORIROVANIE, IODIROVANIE, BROMIROVANIE, ФТОРИРОВАНИЕ, ХЛОРИРОВАНИЕ, ГАЛОГЕНИРОВАНИЕ, FTORIROVANIE
Japanese ハロゲン化, 臭素化
Swedish Halogenation
Czech halogenace
Polish Brominacja, Fluorinacja, Chlorinacja, Halogenacja, Jodacja, Jodynacja, Chlorowcowanie
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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