http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Megacolon

Aka: Megacolon, Megarectum, Ogilvie's Syndrome

Definition: Bowel distention based on abdominal XRay
1. Rectosigmoid or descending colon >6.5 cm diameter or
2. Ascending colon >8 cm diameter or
3. Cecal diameter >12 cm
Causes
1. Toxic Megacolon
  1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    1. Ulcerative Colitis
    2. Crohn's Disease
  2. Infectious colitis
    1. Clostridium difficile (Pseudomembranous colitis)
    2. Amebic colitis
2. Congenital Megacolon (Hirschsprung's Disease)
3. Acquired Megacolon
  1. Idiopathic Megacolon
  2. Trypanosoma cruzi (Chaga's Disease)
    1. Incidence in U.S. is increasing
  3. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (colon dysmotility)
    1. Acute due to medical cause (Ogilvie's Syndrome)
    2. Acute Causes
      1. Abdominal or orthopedic surgery
      2. Spinal cord injury
      3. Serious cardiovascular disorder
References
1. Phillips in Feldman (1998) GI Disease, p. 1810-12

Megacolon (C0025160)
Definition (MSH)	Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON.
Concepts	Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH	D008531
ICD10	K59.3
SnomedCT	197144003, 33995003, 197138002
English	Megacolons, COLON ENLARGEMENT, MEGACOLON, Megacolon NOS, megacolon, megacolon (diagnosis), COLON NOS DILATATION, Megacolon NOS (disorder), Megacolon [Disease/Finding], colectasia, megarectum, Dilatation of colon, colon; dilatation, dilatation; colon, Megacolon, Colectasia
Dutch	megacolon, megacolon NAO, colectasie, colon; dilatatie, dilatatie; colon, Megacolon
Italian	Colon ingrandito, Megacolon NAS, Dilatazione del colon, Megacolon
French	Mégacôlon SAI, Coléctasie, Mégacôlon
German	Megakolon NNB, Kolektasie, Megakolon
Portuguese	Megacólon NE, Colectasia, Megacólon, Megacolo
Spanish	Megacolon NEOM, Colectasia, Dilatation of colon, dilatación del colon, megacolon, SAI (trastorno), megacolon, SAI, Megacolon
Japanese	巨大結腸, 結腸拡張, 巨大結腸ＮＯＳ, ｷｮﾀﾞｲｹｯﾁｮｳNOS, ｹｯﾁｮｳｶｸﾁｮｳ, ｷｮﾀﾞｲｹｯﾁｮｳ
Swedish	Megakolon
Czech	megakolon, Megakolon, Kolektázie, Megakolon NOS
Finnish	Megakoolon
Russian	MEGAKOLON, МЕГАКОЛОН
Croatian	MEGAKOLON
Polish	Okrężnica olbrzymia
Hungarian	Megacolon k.m.n., Colectasia, Megacolon
Sources	Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Megarectum (C1456333)
Concepts	Disease or Syndrome (T047)
SnomedCT	3246003, 33995003
Dutch	megarectum
French	Mégarectum
German	Megarektum
Italian	Megaretto
Portuguese	Megarrecto
Spanish	Megarecto, megarrecto (concepto no activo), megarrecto
Japanese	巨大直腸, ｷｮﾀﾞｲﾁｮｸﾁｮｳ
English	Megarectum (disorder), megarectum, Megarectum
Czech	Megarectum
Hungarian	Megarectum
Sources	Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)