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MegacolonAka: Megarectum, Ogilvie's Syndrome
- Definition: Bowel distention based on abdominal XRay
- Rectosigmoid or descending colon >6.5 cm diameter or
- Ascending colon >8 cm diameter or
- Cecal diameter >12 cm
- Causes
- Toxic megacolon
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn's Disease
- Infectious colitis
- Clostridium difficile (Pseudomembranous colitis)
- Amebic colitis
- Congenital Megacolon (Hirschsprung's Disease)
- Acquired Megacolon
- Idiopathic megacolon
- Trypanosoma cruzi (Chaga's Disease)
- Incidence in U.S. is increasing
- Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (colon dysmotility)
- Acute due to medical cause (Ogilvie's Syndrome)
- Acute Causes
- Abdominal or orthopedic surgery
- Spinal cord injury
- Serious cardiovascular disorder
- References
- Phillips in Feldman (1998) GI Disease, p. 1810-12
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| Definition (MSH) | Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047)
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| ICD9 | 564.7 |
| English | COLON ENLARGEMENT, Dilatation of colon, Megacolon, Megacolons |
| Spanish | dilatación del colon, dilatacion del colon |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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