Gastroenterology Book

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MegacolonAka: Megarectum, Ogilvie's Syndrome

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  1. Definition: Bowel distention based on abdominal XRay
    1. Rectosigmoid or descending colon >6.5 cm diameter or
    2. Ascending colon >8 cm diameter or
    3. Cecal diameter >12 cm
  2. Causes
    1. Toxic megacolon
      1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
        1. Ulcerative Colitis
        2. Crohn's Disease
      2. Infectious colitis
        1. Clostridium difficile (Pseudomembranous colitis)
        2. Amebic colitis
    2. Congenital Megacolon (Hirschsprung's Disease)
    3. Acquired Megacolon
      1. Idiopathic megacolon
      2. Trypanosoma cruzi (Chaga's Disease)
        1. Incidence in U.S. is increasing
      3. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (colon dysmotility)
        1. Acute due to medical cause (Ogilvie's Syndrome)
        2. Acute Causes
          1. Abdominal or orthopedic surgery
          2. Spinal cord injury
          3. Serious cardiovascular disorder
  3. References
    1. Phillips in Feldman (1998) GI Disease, p. 1810-12

Megacolon (C0025160)

Definition (MSH)Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON.
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD9564.7
EnglishCOLON ENLARGEMENT, Dilatation of colon, Megacolon, Megacolons
Spanishdilatación del colon, dilatacion del colon
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Megarectum (C1456333)

ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
EnglishMegarectum
Spanishmegarrecto
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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