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Direct Acting VasodilatorAka: Hydralazine, Apresoline, Diazoxide, Hyperstat, BiDil
- See Also
- Intravenous Antihypertensive
- Direct Acting Vasodilators IV
- Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Dose: 10-40 mg IV/IM q4-6h
- Hydralazine with Isosorbide Dinitrate 37.5/20 (BiDil)
- Dose: 1-2 tablets PO tid
- For Class III CHF patients (esp. African American)
- Very expensive: $400/month
- Generic Drugs seperately are $60/month
- Diazoxide (Hyperstat)
- Dose: 1-3 mg/kg up to 150 mg IV q5-15 min
- Nitroprusside Sodium (Nipride)
- Minoxidil (Loniten)
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| Definition (MSH) | A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group. |
| Definition (CSP) | peripheral vasodilator that reduces blood pressure; diazoxide also has antidiuretic and hypoglycemic effects. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A benzothiadiazine derivate with antihypertensive and hyperglycemic activities. Diazoxide increases membrane permeability to potassium ions in vascular smooth muscle, thereby stabilizing the membrane action potential and preventing vascular smooth muscle contraction; this results in peripheral vasodilatation and decreases in peripheral vascular resistance. This agent also inhibits insulin release by interacting with ATP-sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic islet beta-cells. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39290&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39290&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C428" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Definition (NCI) | A benzothiadiazine derivate with antihypertensive and hyperglycemic activities. Diazoxide increases membrane permeability to potassium ions in vascular smooth muscle, thereby stabilizing the membrane action potential and preventing vascular smooth muscle contraction; this results in peripheral vasodilatation and decreases in peripheral vascular resistance. This agent also inhibits insulin release by interacting with ATP-sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic islet beta-cells. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Diazoxide, DIAZOXIDE PREPARATION |
| Spanish | diazóxido, diazoxido |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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| Definition (MSH) | A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. |
| Definition (CSP) | direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive. |
| Definition (NCI) | A phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive effects. Hydralazine exerts its vasodilatory effects through modification of the contractile state of arterial vascular smooth muscle by altering intracellular calcium release, and interfering with smooth muscle cell calcium influx. This agent also causes inhibition of phosphorylation of myosin protein or chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, thereby resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Apressin, Apressinum, Hydralazine, HYDRALAZINE PREPARATION, Hydrallazin, Hydrazinophthalazine |
| Spanish | hidralazina |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109)
, Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
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| English | Apresoline, Apressoline |
| Credits | Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)
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