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Bladder Cancer Staging

Primary Tumor Staging: T
1. T0: No tumor present
2. Tis: Carcinoma in situ
3. Ta: Papillary tumor with only bladder mucosa involved
4. T1: Extension into bladder lamina propria
5. T2: Invasion into bladder superficial muscle
6. T3a: Invasion into bladder deep muscle
7. T3b: Invasion into fat surrounding bladder
8. T4a: Regional spread into prostate, vagina or uterus
9. T4b: Tumor fixed to pelvic or abdominal wall
10. TX: Unable to assess primary tumor
Lymph Node Staging: N
1. N0: No lymph node involvement found
2. N1: Single unilateral regional node involvement
3. N2: Contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes involved
4. N3: Fixed mass of regional lymph nodes
5. N4: Juxtaregional lymph node involvement
6. NX: Unable to assess lymph node involvement
Distant Metastatic Spread Staging: M
1. MO: No distant metastasis identified
2. M1: Distant metastasis found
3. MX: Unable to assess metastases

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This page was written by Scott Moses, MD. This page was last revised before 5/10/08, prior to consistent tracking of revision date. This page was last published on 6/1/2008. Please send comments and questions to the editor. Contact information may be found on the page About the Family Practice Notebook. These pages are best viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0.