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Hypermagnesemia

Aka: Hypermagnesemia, High Serum Magnesium

Definition
1. Serum Magnesium over 2.5 meq/L
Symptoms
1. Muscle Weakness
2. Headache
3. Excessive thirst
Signs
1. Hyporeflexia
2. Hypotension
3. Respiratory Depression
4. Pulmonary edema
Causes
1. Renal Failure (Acute or Chronic)
2. Medication overuse
  1. Antacids
  2. Laxative abuse
  3. Milk of Magnesia
  4. Maalox
3. Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison's Disease)
4. Hypothyroidism (Myxedema)
5. Massive Magnesium dosing or intake
  1. Preeclampsia or Eclampsia management
6. Tissue breakdown
Labs
1. See Serum Magnesium
2. Serum Magnesium Interpretation
  1. Normal in pregnancy: 1.3 to 2.6 mg/dl
  2. Therapeutic: 5.5-7.5 mg/dl
  3. Loss of Patellar Reflex: 10-12 mg/dl
  4. Respiratory depression: 15-17 mg/dl
  5. Paralysis: 15-17 mg/dl
  6. Cardiac Arrest: 30-35 mg/dl
Management
1. Stop all Magnesium Sources
2. Supportive Care with ABC Management
3. Dialysis
4. Cardiotoxicity Management
  1. Calcium Gluconate 10% 1-10 ml IV

Hypermagnesemia (C0151714)
Concepts	Disease or Syndrome (T047)
ICD10	E83.41
SnomedCT	66978005
English	HYPERMAGNESEMIA, HYPERMAGNESAEMIA, Hypermagnesemia syndrome, hypermagnesemia (diagnosis), high blood magnesium level, hypermagnesemia, Hypermagnesemia, hypermagnesaemia, Hypermagnesaemia, Hypermagnesemia (disorder)
Italian	Ipermagnesiemia
Japanese	高マグネシウム血症, ｺｳﾏｸﾞﾈｼｳﾑｹﾂｼｮｳ, ｺｳﾏｸﾞﾈｼｳﾑｹｯｼｮｳ
Portuguese	HIPERMAGNESEMIA, Hipermagnesemia
Spanish	HIPERMAGNESEMIA, hipermagnesemia (trastorno), hipermagnesemia, Hipermagnesemia
French	HYPERMAGNESEMIE, Hypermagnésémie
German	HYPERMAGNESIAEMIE, Hypermagnesiaemie
Czech	Hypermagnezemie
Hungarian	Hypermagnesaemia
Dutch	hypermagnesiëmie
Sources	Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)