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Ankle Disorders

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Cervical Spine Disorders

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Infectious Disease

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Lumbar Spine Disorders

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Shoulder Disorders

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Brachial Plexus Anatomy

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  1. General
    1. Spinal levels (C5 to T1) transition into 5 Rami
    2. Rami divide into 3 trunks
    3. Trunks divide into 3 cords
  2. Plexus Divisions
    1. Upper Plexus
      1. Shoulder abductors
      2. External rotators
      3. Elbow flexors
      4. Sensation to shoulder and radial arm
    2. Lower Plexus
      1. Forearm and Hand motor function
      2. Sensation to ulnar arm, forearm, and hand
    3. First Thoracic Ganglion (T1)
      1. Sympathetic face fibers
      2. Horner's Syndrome
        1. Ptosis
        2. Miosis
        3. Perceived enophthalmos
        4. Anhidrosis
  3. Cords
    1. Posterior Cord
      1. Supplies Radial Nerve
    2. Medial Cord
      1. Supplies 1/2 Median Nerve
      2. Supplies all of Ulnar Nerve
    3. Lateral Cord
      1. Supplies 1/2 Median Nerve
      2. Supplies Musculocutaneous
  4. Plexus course
    1. Passes between middle and anterior scalene muscles
    2. Passes beneath clavicle, joined by Subclavian vein
    3. Passes beneath pectoralis minor (in axilla)
    4. Lower Trunk (C8,T1) passes over first rib
      1. Associated with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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