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Radiation Exposure in PregnancyAka: Fetal Radiation Exposure
- Radiation Exposure to unshielded uterus: Plain XRay
- Abdominal XRay
- PA: <0.3 RADS
- AP: <0.9 RADS
- Lumbar Spine XRay: 0.031 to 4.0 RADS
- Pelvis XRAy (AP) <2.2 (usually 0.2)
- Minimal to no radition exposure
- Chest XRay
- Cervical Spine XRay
- Thoracic spin XRay (AP)
- Femur XRay
- Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) RADS: 0.4 to 1.2
- Abdominal XRay
- Radiation exposure to unshielded uterus: CT
- CT Upper Abdomen: <3.5 RADS
- CT Entire Abdomen: <4.6 RADS
- CT Head: <0.05 RADS
- CT Pelvis: <5 RADS
- CT Chest: <0.60 RADS
- Harmful Radiation Levels to fetus
- RADs: 5-10
- Fetal Exposure in first 47 days: Spontaneous Abortion
- Fetal Exposure after 47 days: Live fetus
- Risk of congenital malformation increased 1 to 3%
- Mental retardation and other CNS effects
- Microcephaly
- Intrauterine Growth restriction
- First trimester exposure (especially <8 weeks)
- Risk of childhood cancer
- Doll (1997) Br J Radiol 70:130
- RADs: 200
- Infertility Risk
- Higher risk to fetus in early pregnancy
- RADs: 5-10
- Reduction of fetal exposure
- Avoid radiation exposure in first trimester
- Consider cone to focus radiation beam
- Focus on suspected area of concern
- Shield gravid pelvis
- Avoid dental radiography during pregnancy
- Associated with low birth weight infants
- Likely mediated via Thyroid exposure
- Hujoel (2004) JAMA 291:1987
- References