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Spinal DysraphismAka: Caudal Neural Tube Defect, Spinal Meningocele

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  1. See Also
    1. Dysraphism
    2. Cranial Dysraphism
    3. Cutaneous Signs of Dysraphism
  2. Types of Spinal Dysraphism
    1. Spina Bifida Occulta
    2. Spinal Meningocele
      1. Meninges herniate through posterior vertebral arches
      2. Most often occurs in low back
      3. Anterior herniation at sacrum may also occur
        1. Applies pelvic pressure
        2. May result in Constipation or bladder abnormality
      4. Usually asymptomatic and covered by full layer skin
    3. Myelomeningocele
  3. Exam
    1. Transilluminate along low back vertebral column
    2. Complete Neurologic Examination
  4. Imaging
    1. Lumbosacral MRI (preferred, but expensive and requires Conscious Sedation)
    2. Spinal ultrasound
    3. Lumbosacral XRay
  5. Associated conditions
    1. Hydrocephalus
    2. Diastematomyelia
    3. Tethered spinal cord
    4. Spinal Lipoma
    5. Syringomyelia
  6. References
    1. Behrman (2000) Nelson Pediatrics, Saunders, p. 1804
    2. Goetz (1999) Neurology, Saunders, p. 515-16

Spina Bifida (C0080178)

Definition (MSH)Congenital defects of closure of one or more vertebral arches, which may be associated with malformations of the spinal cord, nerve roots, congenital fibrous bands, lipomas, and congenital cysts. These malformations range from mild (e.g., SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA) to severe, including rachischisis where there is complete failure of neural tube and spinal cord fusion, resulting in exposure of the spinal cord at the surface. Spinal dysraphism includes all forms of spina bifida. The open form is called SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA and the closed form is SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)
Definition (CSP)developmental anomaly characterized by defective closure of the bony encasement of the spinal cord, through which the cord and meninges may protrude.
ConceptsCongenital Abnormality (T019)
ICD9741
EnglishPosterior rachischisis, Schistorrhachis, Spina Bifida, Spina Bifidas, Spinal Dysraphia, Spinal Dysraphias, Spinal Dysraphism, Spinal Dysraphisms, Spinal dysrhaphia
Spanishespina bífida, espina bifida
CreditsDerived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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